Python之路_Day13

Python之路_Day13_课堂笔记

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前期回顾

一、redis

发布订阅

二、rabbitMQ

原始队列

exchange

ex全部转发

ex，关键字

ex，模糊匹配

rpc

三、MySQL

四、Python MySQL

pymysql

excute    执行单条语句，返回受影响的行数

excutemany    执行多条语句，返回受影响的行数

fetchone

fetchall

fetchmany

scroll

lastrowid

五、SQLAlchemy

ORM框架

db first

code first

====> 我们以后通过类和对象操作数据库

code first

1、自定义生成表

2、使用类操作表

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本节摘要

一、ORM

连表

一对多

多对多

二、Paramiko模块

链接：

堡垒机

三、前端

HTML

http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/5699254.html

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一、ORM—SQLAlchemy

连表

一对多

1、创建表，主动知道外键

2、操作：

类：repr

单表

连表

session.query(表1).join(表2).all()

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerfrom sqlalchemy import create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_basefrom sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Indexfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationshipengine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:123@127.0.0.1:3306/s13", max_overflow=5)Base = declarative_base()class Test(Base):    __tablename__ = 'test'    nid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    name = Column(String(32))class Group(Base):    __tablename__ = 'group'    nid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    caption = Column(String(32))class User(Base):    __tablename__ = 'user'    nid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    username = Column(String(32))    group_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey('group.nid'))    def __repr__(self):        temp = "%s - %s : %s" %(self.nid,self.username,self.group_id)        return tempdef init_db():    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)def drop_db():    Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)# init_db()Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)session = Session()# session.add(Group(caption='dba'))# session.add(Group(caption='ddd'))# session.commit()# session.add_all([#     User(username='alex1',group_id=1),#     User(username='alex2',group_id=2)# ])# session.commit()# 只是获取用户# ret = session.query(User).filter(User.username == 'alex1').all()# print(ret)# ret = session.query(User).all()# obj = ret[0]# print(ret)# print(obj)# print(obj.nid)# print(obj.username)# print(obj.group_id)# ret = session.query(User.username).all()# print(ret)sql = session.query(User,Group).join(Group, isouter=True)print(sql)ret = session.query(User,Group).join(Group, isouter=True).all()print(ret)# select * from user left join group on user.group_id = group.nid

正反向查找

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerfrom sqlalchemy import create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_basefrom sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Indexfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationshipengine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:123@127.0.0.1:3306/s13", max_overflow=5)Base = declarative_base()class Test(Base):    __tablename__ = 'test'    nid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    name = Column(String(32))class Group(Base):    __tablename__ = 'group'    nid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    caption = Column(String(32))class User(Base):    __tablename__ = 'user'    nid = Column(Integer,primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    username = Column(String(32))    group_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey('group.nid'))    group = relationship('Group',backref='uuu')    def __repr__(self):        temp = "%s - %s : %s" %(self.nid,self.username,self.group_id)        return tempdef init_db():    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)def drop_db():    Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)# init_db()Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)session = Session()# session.add(Group(caption='dba'))# session.add(Group(caption='ddd'))# session.commit()# session.add_all([#     User(username='alex1',group_id=1),#     User(username='alex2',group_id=2)# ])# session.commit()# 只是获取用户# ret = session.query(User).filter(User.username == 'alex1').all()# print(ret)# ret = session.query(User).all()# obj = ret[0]# print(ret)# print(obj)# print(obj.nid)# print(obj.username)# print(obj.group_id)# ret = session.query(User.username).all()# print(ret)# sql = session.query(User,Group).join(Group, isouter=True)# print(sql)# ret = session.query(User,Group).join(Group, isouter=True).all()# print(ret)# select * from user left join group on user.group_id = group.nid# 原始方式# ret = session.query(User.username,Group.caption).join(Group, isouter=True).all()# 新方式（正向查询）# ret = session.query(User).all()# for obj in ret:    # obj代指user表的每一行数据    # obj.group代指group对象    # print(obj.nid,obj.username,obj.group_id,obj.group,obj.group.nid,obj.group.caption)# 原始方式# ret = session.query(User.username,Group.caption).join(Group,isouter=True).filter(Group.caption == 'DBA').all()# 新方式（反向查询）# obj = session.query(Group).filter(Group.caption == 'DBA').first()# print(obj.nid)# print(obj.caption)# print(obj.uuu)

多对多：

1、创建表——额外的关系表

2、filter()

==

in_(都可以是另外一个查询)

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerfrom sqlalchemy import create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_basefrom sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Indexfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationshipengine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:123@127.0.0.1:3306/s13", max_overflow=5)Base = declarative_base()##############多对多######################class Host(Base):    __tablename__ = 'host'    nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    hostname = Column(String(32))    port = Column(String(32))    ip = Column(String(32))class HostUser(Base):    __tablename__ = 'host_user'    nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    username = Column(String(32))class HostToHostUser(Base):    __tablename__ = 'host_to_host_user'    nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    host_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey('host.nid'))    host_user_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey('host_user.nid'))def init_db():    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)def drop_db():    Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)# init_db() # 创建表Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)session = Session()# session.add_all([#     Host(hostname='c1',port='22',ip='1.1.1.1'),#     Host(hostname='c2',port='22',ip='1.1.1.2'),#     Host(hostname='c3',port='22',ip='1.1.1.3'),#     Host(hostname='c4',port='22',ip='1.1.1.4'),#     Host(hostname='c5',port='22',ip='1.1.1.5'),# ])# session.commit()# session.add_all([#     HostUser(username='root'),#     HostUser(username='db'),#     HostUser(username='nb'),#     HostUser(username='sb'),# ])# session.commit()# session.add_all([#     HostToHostUser(host_id=1,host_user_id=1),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=1,host_user_id=2),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=1,host_user_id=3),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=2,host_user_id=2),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=2,host_user_id=4),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=2,host_user_id=3),# ])# session.commit()# 获取主机1中所有用户host_obj = session.query(Host).filter(Host.hostname == 'c1').first()# host_obj.nidhost_2_host_user = session.query(HostToHostUser.host_user_id).filter(HostToHostUser.host_id == host_obj.nid).all()print(host_2_host_user)r = zip(*host_2_host_user)# print(list(r)[0])users = session.query(HostUser.username).filter(HostUser.nid.in_(list(r)[0])).all()print(users)

3、relationship

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerfrom sqlalchemy import create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_basefrom sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey, UniqueConstraint, Indexfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationshipengine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:123@127.0.0.1:3306/s13", max_overflow=5)Base = declarative_base()##############多对多######################class Host(Base):    __tablename__ = 'host'    nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    hostname = Column(String(32))    port = Column(String(32))    ip = Column(String(32))class HostUser(Base):    __tablename__ = 'host_user'    nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    username = Column(String(32))class HostToHostUser(Base):    __tablename__ = 'host_to_host_user'    nid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True,autoincrement=True)    host_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey('host.nid'))    host_user_id = Column(Integer,ForeignKey('host_user.nid'))    host = relationship('Host',backref = 'h')    host_user = relationship('HostUser',backref = 'u')def init_db():    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)def drop_db():    Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)# init_db() # 创建表Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)session = Session()# session.add_all([#     Host(hostname='c1',port='22',ip='1.1.1.1'),#     Host(hostname='c2',port='22',ip='1.1.1.2'),#     Host(hostname='c3',port='22',ip='1.1.1.3'),#     Host(hostname='c4',port='22',ip='1.1.1.4'),#     Host(hostname='c5',port='22',ip='1.1.1.5'),# ])### session.add_all([#     HostUser(username='root'),#     HostUser(username='db'),#     HostUser(username='nb'),#     HostUser(username='sb'),# ])## session.add_all([#     HostToHostUser(host_id=1,host_user_id=1),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=1,host_user_id=2),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=1,host_user_id=3),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=2,host_user_id=2),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=2,host_user_id=4),#     HostToHostUser(host_id=2,host_user_id=3),# ])# session.commit()# 获取主机1中所有用户# host_obj = session.query(Host).filter(Host.hostname == 'c1').first()# host_obj.nid# host_2_host_user = session.query(HostToHostUser.host_user_id).filter(HostToHostUser.host_id == host_obj.nid).all()# print(host_2_host_user)# r = zip(*host_2_host_user)# print(list(r)[0])# users = session.query(HostUser.username).filter(HostUser.nid.in_(list(r)[0])).all()# print(users)host_obj = session.query(Host).filter(Host.hostname == 'c1').first()for item in host_obj.h:    print(item.host_user.username)

4、更简单的方式

A    关系(B，AB Table对象)

AB == > fk

B

操作时，简单

SQLAlchemy总结：

1、创建表

2、操作表

单表操作

连表操作

.join

关系：

一对多

fk，关系

多对多

多一张表，fk

1、关系表：关系

2、在某一张表：关系；A：关系，（B，AB）

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二、Paramiko模块

使用Paramiko模块连接远程服务器并执行命令：

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandler# paramiko模块import paramiko# 普通连接远程主机并执行一条命令# 创建SSH对象ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())# 连接服务器ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.111.2', port=22, username='root', password='111111')# 执行命令stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls -l')# 获取命令结果result = stdout.read()print(result)# 关闭连接ssh.close()

通过Paramiko模块一次连接服务器实现执行命令，上传文件等多次操作：

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerimport paramikoimport uuid# 实现一次链接执行命令、上传文件、执行命令class SSHConnection(object):    def __init__(self, host='192.168.111.2', port=22, username='root',pwd='111111'):        self.host = host        self.port = port        self.username = username        self.pwd = pwd        self.__k = None    def run(self):        self.connect()        pass        self.close()    def connect(self):        transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))        transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)        self.__transport = transport    def close(self):        self.__transport.close()    def cmd(self, command):        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()        ssh._transport = self.__transport        # 执行命令        stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)        # 获取命令结果        result = stdout.read()        return result    def upload(self,local_path, target_path):        # 连接，上传        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)        # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py        sftp.put(local_path, target_path)ssh = SSHConnection()ssh.connect()r1 = ssh.cmd('df')print(r1)ssh.upload('s1.py', "/root/s7.py")ssh.close()

堡垒机，通过回车确定输入内容，并返回结果

（一次输入一条命令返回结果，只可以在Linux上执行）：

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandler# 堡垒机，通过回车确定输入内容，并返回结果import paramikoimport sysimport osimport socketimport selectimport getpassfrom paramiko.py3compat import utran = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.111.2', 22,))tran.start_client()tran.auth_password('root', '111111')# 打开一个通道chan = tran.open_session()# 获取一个终端chan.get_pty()# 激活器chan.invoke_shell()while True:    # 监视用户输入和服务器返回数据    # sys.stdin 处理用户输入    # chan 是之前创建的通道，用于接收服务器返回信息    readable, writeable, error = select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ], [], [], 1)    if chan in readable:        try:            x = u(chan.recv(1024))            if len(x) == 0:                print('\r\n*** EOF\r\n')                break            sys.stdout.write(x)            sys.stdout.flush()        except socket.timeout:            pass    if sys.stdin in readable:        inp = sys.stdin.readline()        chan.sendall(inp)chan.close()tran.close()

堡垒机，通过回车确定输入内容，并返回结果

（一次输入一个字符，可以通过tab补全，只可以在Linux上执行）：

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerimport paramikoimport sysimport osimport socketimport selectimport getpassimport termiosimport ttyfrom paramiko.py3compat import utran = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.111.2', 22,))tran.start_client()tran.auth_password('root', '111111')# 打开一个通道chan = tran.open_session()# 获取一个终端chan.get_pty()# 激活器chan.invoke_shell()# 获取原tty属性oldtty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)try:    # 为tty设置新属性    # 默认当前tty设备属性：    #   输入一行回车，执行    #   CTRL+C 进程退出，遇到特殊字符，特殊处理。    # 这是为原始模式，不认识所有特殊符号    # 放置特殊字符应用在当前终端，如此设置，将所有的用户输入均发送到远程服务器    tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())    chan.settimeout(0.0)    while True:        # 监视 用户输入 和 远程服务器返回数据（socket）        # 阻塞，直到句柄可读        r, w, e = select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [], 1)        if chan in r:            try:                x = u(chan.recv(1024))                if len(x) == 0:                    print('\r\n*** EOF\r\n')                    break                sys.stdout.write(x)                sys.stdout.flush()            except socket.timeout:                pass        if sys.stdin in r:            x = sys.stdin.read(1)            if len(x) == 0:                break            chan.send(x)finally:    # 重新设置终端属性    termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)chan.close()tran.close()

堡垒机，通过回车确定输入内容，并返回结果

（终极版本，可以在windows和linux上执行）：

#!/usr/bin/env python# -.- coding:utf-8 -.-# By Sandlerimport paramikoimport sysimport osimport socketimport getpassfrom paramiko.py3compat import u# windows does not have termios...try:    import termios    import tty    has_termios = Trueexcept ImportError:    has_termios = Falsedef interactive_shell(chan):    if has_termios:        posix_shell(chan)    else:        windows_shell(chan)def posix_shell(chan):    import select    oldtty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)    try:        tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())        tty.setcbreak(sys.stdin.fileno())        chan.settimeout(0.0)        log = open('handle.log', 'a+', encoding='utf-8')        flag = False        temp_list = []        while True:            r, w, e = select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [])            if chan in r:                try:                    x = u(chan.recv(1024))                    if len(x) == 0:                        sys.stdout.write('\r\n*** EOF\r\n')                        break                    if flag:                        if x.startswith('\r\n'):                            pass                        else:                            temp_list.append(x)                        flag = False                    sys.stdout.write(x)                    sys.stdout.flush()                except socket.timeout:                    pass            if sys.stdin in r:                x = sys.stdin.read(1)                import json                if len(x) == 0:                    break                if x == '\t':                    flag = True                else:                    temp_list.append(x)                if x == '\r':                    log.write(''.join(temp_list))                    log.flush()                    temp_list.clear()                chan.send(x)    finally:        termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)def windows_shell(chan):    import threading    sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.\r\n\r\n")    def writeall(sock):        while True:            data = sock.recv(256)            if not data:                sys.stdout.write('\r\n*** EOF ***\r\n\r\n')                sys.stdout.flush()                break            sys.stdout.write(data)            sys.stdout.flush()    writer = threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,))    writer.start()    try:        while True:            d = sys.stdin.read(1)            if not d:                break            chan.send(d)    except EOFError:        # user hit ^Z or F6        passdef run():    default_username = getpass.getuser()    username = input('Username [%s]: ' % default_username)    if len(username) == 0:        username = default_username    hostname = input('Hostname: ')    if len(hostname) == 0:        print('*** Hostname required.')        sys.exit(1)    tran = paramiko.Transport((hostname, 22,))    tran.start_client()    default_auth = "p"    auth = input('Auth by (p)assword or (r)sa key[%s] ' % default_auth)    if len(auth) == 0:        auth = default_auth    if auth == 'r':        default_path = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.ssh', 'id_rsa')        path = input('RSA key [%s]: ' % default_path)        if len(path) == 0:            path = default_path        try:            key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path)        except paramiko.PasswordRequiredException:            password = getpass.getpass('RSA key password: ')            key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path, password)        tran.auth_publickey(username, key)    else:        pw = getpass.getpass('Password for %s@%s: ' % (username, hostname))        tran.auth_password(username, pw)    # 打开一个通道    chan = tran.open_session()    # 获取一个终端    chan.get_pty()    # 激活器    chan.invoke_shell()    interactive_shell(chan)    chan.close()    tran.close()if __name__ == '__main__':    run()

链接：

堡垒机

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来自为知笔记(Wiz)

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/sandler613/p/5744659.html