Exclude type in Python typing annotation

问题

I wrote the following function:

def _clean_dict(d):
    return {k: v for k, v in d.items() if v is not None}

I want to add type annotations to the function:

def _clean_dict(d: Dict[Any, Any]) -> Dict[Any, Any]:                           
    return {k: v for k, v in d.items() if v is not None}

However, I want to explicitly define that the values inside the returned dictionary cannot be None.

Is there a way to say "Any type, except NoneType" or "Every possible value but None"?

回答1:

Python type hinting can't exclude types. You can't exclude Nones, strs or any another type.

The only thing you can use to try to emulate None exclusion is to use Union and write every type you are actually using in the dictionary.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57854871/exclude-type-in-python-typing-annotation