Assign value to group based on condition in column

Question

I have a data frame that looks like the following:

> df = data.frame(group = c(1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3), 
                 date = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9),
                 value = c(3,4,3,4,5,6,6,4,9))
> df
  group date value
1     1    1     3
2     1    2     4
3     1    3     3
4     2    4     4
5     2    5     5
6     2    6     6
7     3    7     6
8     3    8     4
9     3    9     9

I want to create a new column that contains the date value per group that is associated with the value "4" from the value column.

The following data frame shows what I hope to accomplish.

  group date value newValue
1     1    1     3        2
2     1    2     4        2
3     1    3     3        2
4     2    4     4        4
5     2    5     5        4
6     2    6     6        4
7     3    7     6        8
8     3    8     4        8
9     3    9     9        8

As we can see, group 1 has the newValue "2" because that is the date associated with the value "4". Similarly, group two has newValue 4 and group three has newValue 8.

I assume there is an easy way to do this using ave() or a range of dplyr/data.table functions, but I have been unsuccessful with my many attempts.

Answer 1

Here's a quick data.table one

library(data.table)
setDT(df)[, newValue := date[value == 4L], by = group]
df
#    group date value newValue
# 1:     1    1     3        2
# 2:     1    2     4        2
# 3:     1    3     3        2
# 4:     2    4     4        4
# 5:     2    5     5        4
# 6:     2    6     6        4
# 7:     3    7     6        8
# 8:     3    8     4        8
# 9:     3    9     9        8

---

Here's a similar dplyr version

library(dplyr)
df %>%
  group_by(group) %>%
  mutate(newValue = date[value == 4L])

---

Or a possible base R solution using merge after filtering the data (will need some renaming afterwards)

merge(df, df[df$value == 4, c("group", "date")], by = "group")

Answer 2

Here is a base R option

 df$newValue = rep(df$date[which(df$value == 4)], table(df$group))

Another alternative using lapply

do.call(rbind, lapply(split(df, df$group), 
  function(x){x$newValue = rep(x$date[which(x$value == 4)], 
                    each = length(x$group)); x}))

#    group date value newValue
#1.1     1    1     3        2
#1.2     1    2     4        2
#1.3     1    3     3        2
#2.4     2    4     4        4
#2.5     2    5     5        4
#2.6     2    6     6        4
#3.7     3    7     6        8
#3.8     3    8     4        8
#3.9     3    9     9        8

Answer 3

One more base R path:

df$newValue <- ave(`names<-`(df$value==4,df$date), df$group, FUN=function(x) as.numeric(names(x)[x]))
df
   group date value newValue
1      1    1     3        2
2      1    2     4        2
3      1    3     3        2
4      2    4     4        4
5      2    5     5        4
6      2    6     6        4
7      3    7     6        8
8      3    8     4        8
9      3    9     9        8
10     3   11     7        8

I used a test on variable length groups. I assigned the date column as the names for the logical index of value equal to 4. Then identify the value by group.

Data

df = data.frame(group = c(1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3,3), 
                 date = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11),
                 value = c(3,4,3,4,5,6,6,4,9,7))