问题
MatPlotLib PyQt5 Layout Problems:
Using horizontal and vertical layouts, it seems to be very difficult to get the widgets where I want them. Maybe there is another way of doing it, for instance:
- If one can put the canvas and toolbar in a container or some kind of widget. Then you can size it and put it where you want.
- If one can limit the size of the plot so that the UI in the background is visible. This seems impossible though.
- What about using QGridLayout?
I have tried many things, but am very confused and nothing seems to work.
The problems I have (using the current horizontal and vertical layouts) are:
- The labels drift and are not aligned with the widgets.
- The buttonbox is too wide. Can the buttons be split between the last two columns?
Here is some code. Sorry for the formatting. (It's hard to get the 4 spaces right):
import sys
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import random
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QPushButton, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QApplication, QDialog, QGridLayout, QLayout
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_Dialog(QDialog):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(Ui_Dialog, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
self.setupPlot()
def setupUi(self, Dialog):
Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
Dialog.resize(719, 353)
Dialog.setWindowTitle("Task")
self.buttonBox = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(Dialog)
self.buttonBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 310, 121, 32))
self.buttonBox.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
self.buttonBox.setStandardButtons(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel|QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
self.buttonBox.setObjectName("buttonBox")
self.label1 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 40, 51, 16))
self.label1.setText("label1:")
self.label1.setObjectName("label1")
self.label2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 70, 41, 16))
self.label2.setText("label2:")
self.label2.setObjectName("label2")
self.cBox1 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(Dialog)
self.cBox1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 40, 61, 22))
self.cBox1.setLayoutDirection(QtCore.Qt.LeftToRight)
self.cBox1.setEditable(False)
self.cBox1.setCurrentText("Option0")
self.cBox1.setMaxVisibleItems(2)
self.cBox1.setObjectName("cBox1")
self.cBox1.addItem("")
self.cBox1.setItemText(0, "Option0")
self.cBox1.addItem("")
self.cBox1.setItemText(1, "Option1")
self.label5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 160, 51, 16))
self.label5.setText("label5:")
self.label5.setObjectName("label5")
self.dSpinBox5 = QtWidgets.QDoubleSpinBox(Dialog)
self.dSpinBox5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 160, 62, 22))
self.dSpinBox5.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.dSpinBox5.setMaximum(1999.99)
self.dSpinBox5.setObjectName("dSpinBox5")
self.dSpinBox4 = QtWidgets.QDoubleSpinBox(Dialog)
self.dSpinBox4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 130, 62, 22))
self.dSpinBox4.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.dSpinBox4.setMaximum(1999.99)
self.dSpinBox4.setObjectName("dSpinBox4")
self.label0 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label0.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 10, 41, 16))
self.label0.setText("label0:")
self.label0.setObjectName("label0")
self.dSpinBox3 = QtWidgets.QDoubleSpinBox(Dialog)
self.dSpinBox3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 100, 62, 22))
self.dSpinBox3.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.dSpinBox3.setMaximum(1999.99)
self.dSpinBox3.setObjectName("dSpinBox3")
self.label3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 100, 61, 16))
self.label3.setText("label3:")
self.label3.setObjectName("label3")
self.lineEdit0 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
self.lineEdit0.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 10, 61, 20))
self.lineEdit0.setInputMask("")
self.lineEdit0.setText("")
self.lineEdit0.setObjectName("lineEdit0")
self.label4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 130, 41, 16))
self.label4.setText("label4:")
self.label4.setObjectName("label4")
self.spinBox2 = QtWidgets.QSpinBox(Dialog)
self.spinBox2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 70, 61, 22))
self.spinBox2.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.spinBox2.setMaximum(999)
self.spinBox2.setSingleStep(10)
self.spinBox2.setProperty("value", 50)
self.spinBox2.setObjectName("spinBox2")
self.label6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 190, 41, 16))
self.label6.setText("label6:")
self.label6.setObjectName("label6")
self.dSpinBox6 = QtWidgets.QDoubleSpinBox(Dialog)
self.dSpinBox6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 190, 62, 22))
self.dSpinBox6.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.dSpinBox6.setReadOnly(True)
self.dSpinBox6.setButtonSymbols(QtWidgets.QAbstractSpinBox.NoButtons)
self.dSpinBox6.setObjectName("dSpinBox6")
self.label7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 220, 47, 16))
self.label7.setText("label7:")
self.label7.setObjectName("label7")
self.spinBox7 = QtWidgets.QSpinBox(Dialog)
self.spinBox7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 220, 61, 22))
self.spinBox7.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.spinBox7.setMaximum(999)
self.spinBox7.setProperty("value", 50)
self.spinBox7.setObjectName("spinBox7")
self.checkBox8 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(Dialog)
self.checkBox8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 250, 61, 20))
self.checkBox8.setLayoutDirection(QtCore.Qt.RightToLeft)
self.checkBox8.setText("")
self.checkBox8.setCheckable(False)
self.checkBox8.setObjectName("checkBox8")
self.checkBox9 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(Dialog)
self.checkBox9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 280, 61, 20))
self.checkBox9.setLayoutDirection(QtCore.Qt.RightToLeft)
self.checkBox9.setText("")
self.checkBox9.setCheckable(False)
self.checkBox9.setObjectName("checkBox9")
self.label8 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 250, 51, 16))
self.label8.setText("label8")
self.label8.setObjectName("label8")
self.label9 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog)
self.label9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(590, 276, 47, 16))
self.label9.setText("label9")
self.label9.setObjectName("label9")
self.buttonBox.accepted.connect(Dialog.accept)
self.buttonBox.rejected.connect(Dialog.reject)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)
def setupPlot(self):
self.setLayout(QHBoxLayout())
self.layout().setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.figure = plt.figure()
self.figure.set_facecolor("none")
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.widget.setLayout(layout)
layout.addWidget(self.toolbar)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
self.layout().addWidget(self.widget)
self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.widget.setLayout(layout)
layout.addWidget(self.label0)
layout.addWidget(self.label1)
layout.addWidget(self.label2)
layout.addWidget(self.label3)
layout.addWidget(self.label4)
layout.addWidget(self.label5)
layout.addWidget(self.label6)
layout.addWidget(self.label7)
layout.addWidget(self.label8)
layout.addWidget(self.label9)
self.layout().addWidget(self.widget)
self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.widget.setLayout(layout)
layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit0)
layout.addWidget(self.cBox1)
layout.addWidget(self.spinBox2)
layout.addWidget(self.dSpinBox3)
layout.addWidget(self.dSpinBox4)
layout.addWidget(self.dSpinBox5)
layout.addWidget(self.dSpinBox6)
layout.addWidget(self.spinBox7)
layout.addWidget(self.checkBox8)
layout.addWidget(self.checkBox9)
layout.addWidget(self.buttonBox)
self.layout().addWidget(self.widget)
self.plot()
def plot(self):
data = [random.random() for i in range(10)]
self.figure.clear()
ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot(data, '*-')
self.canvas.draw()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
main = Ui_Dialog()
main.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
回答1:
@ImportanceOfBeingErnest Your comment is what solved the question. Appreciated:
- Removed all the setGeometry calls.
- Created a QGridLayout .
- Added widgets to the gridLayout like this: self.layout().addWidget(self.checkBoxDone, 3, 4, 1, 1)
NB: Be careful not to confuse the parameters:
- widget
- start row (from 0 at the top)
- start column (from 0 on the left)
- number of rows to span (downwards)
- number of columns to span (to the right)
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44483538/matplotlib-pyqt5-layout-problems