Variable initalisation in while loop

问题

I have a function that reads a file in chunks.

public static DataObject ReadNextFile(){ ...}

And dataobject looks like this:

public DataObject
{
   public string Category { get; set; }

   // And other members ...
}

What I want to do is the following basically

List<DataObject> dataObjects = new List<DataObject>();

while(ReadNextFile().Category == "category")
{
   dataObjects.Add(^^^^^ the thingy in the while);
}

I know it's probably not how it's done, because how do I access the object I've just read.

回答1:

I think what you're looking for is:

List<DataObject> dataObjects = new List<DataObject>();

DataObject nextObject;
while((nextObject = ReadNextFile()).Category == "category")
{
   dataObjects.Add(nextObject);
}

But I wouldn't do that. I'd write:

List<DataObject> dataObject = source.ReadItems()
                                    .TakeWhile(x => x.Category == "Category")
                                    .ToList();

where ReadItems() was a method returning an IEnumerable<DataObject>, reading and yielding one item at a time. You may well want to implement it with an iterator block (yield return etc).

This is assuming you really want to stop reading as soon as you find the first object which has a different category. If you actually want to include all the matching DataObjects, change TakeWhile to Where in the above LINQ query.

(EDIT: Saeed has since deleted his objections to the answer, but I guess I might as well leave the example up...)

EDIT: Proof that this will work, as Saeed doesn't seem to believe me:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class DataObject
{
    public string Category { get; set; }
    public int Id { get; set; }
}

class Test
{

    static int count = 0;

    static DataObject ReadNextFile()
    {
        count++;
        return new DataObject
        {
            Category = count <= 5 ? "yes" : "no",
            Id = count
        };
    }

    static void Main()
    {
        List<DataObject> dataObjects = new List<DataObject>();

        DataObject nextObject;
        while((nextObject = ReadNextFile()).Category == "yes")
        {
            dataObjects.Add(nextObject);
        }

        foreach (DataObject x in dataObjects)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", x.Id, x.Category);
        }
    }
}

Output:

1: yes
2: yes
3: yes
4: yes
5: yes

In other words, the list has retained references to the 5 distinct objects which have been returned from ReadNextFile.

回答2:

This is subjective, but I hate this pattern (and I fully recognize that I am in the very small minority here). Here is how I do it when I need something like this.

var dataObjects = new List<DataObject>();
while(true) {
    DataObject obj = ReadNextFile();
    if(obj.Category != "category") {
        break;
    }
    dataObjects.Add(obj);
}

But these days, it is better to say

List<DataObject> dataObjects = GetItemsFromFile(path)
                                   .TakeWhile(x => x.Category == "category")
                                   .ToList();

Here, of course, GetItemsFromFile reads the items from the file pointed to by path and returns an IEnumerable<DataObject>.

回答3:

List<DataObject> dataObjects = new List<DataObject>();
string category = "";

while((category=ReadNextFile().Category) == "category")
{
   dataObjects.Add(new DataObject{Category = category});
}

And if you have more complicated object you can do this (like jon):

List<DataObject> dataObjects = new List<DataObject>();
var category = new DataObject();

while((category=ReadNextFile()).Category == "category")
{
   dataObjects.Add(category);
}

回答4:

You should look into implementing IEnumerator on the class container the call to ReadNextFile(). Then you would always have reference to the current object with IEnumerator.Current, and MoveNext() will return the bool you are looking for to check for advancement. Something like this:

public class ObjectReader : IEnumerator<DataObject>
{
    public bool MoveNext()
    {
       // try to read next file, return false if you can't
       // if you can, set the Current to the returned DataObject
    }

    public DataObject Current
    {
        get;
        private set;
    }
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4431568/variable-initalisation-in-while-loop

标签

initialization

while-loop