How can I construct OS-independent file paths in Perl including an optional Windows drive letter?

问题

I need to construct a file path inside a Perl script. Which path separator should I use to allow my script to work on both Windows and Unix?

Keep in mind that Windows needs a drive letter.

回答1:

You want File::Spec's catpath:

       catpath()
         Takes volume, directory and file portions and returns an entire path.
         Under Unix, $volume is ignored, and directory and file are
         concatenated.  A '/' is inserted if need be.  On other OSes, $volume
         is significant.

             $full_path = File::Spec->catpath( $volume, $directory, $file );

回答2:

You want File::Spec. There are specific versions for Unix, Win32, and MacOS as well others.

回答3:

If you find File::Spec cumbersome, as I do, try Path::Class. It gives you directory and file objects to work with rather than having to call long winded File::Spec class methods on strings.

回答4:

It sounds like you are using path separator to mean the character between directory/file name components. But just in case you meant the other meaning:

Some things (notably environment variables like MANPATH or PERL5LIB) take a list of file or directory names, separated by a path separator character. Perl's Config module portably supplies such a character as $Config::Config{'path_sep'}.

回答5:

Q:Which path separator should I use to allow my script to work on both Windows and Unix?

A: /.

Explanation:
Windows can work similarly to Unix with / as path separator.
(Mac OS uses : as a path separator instead of /).

The File::Spec modules can also help.

    use File::Spec::Functions;
    chdir(updir());        # go up one directory
    $file = catfile(curdir(), 'temp', 'file.txt');
    # on Unix and Win32, './temp/file.txt'
    # on Mac OS, ':temp:file.txt'
    # on VMS, '[.temp]file.txt'

Source: 
http://www.xav.com/perl/lib/Pod/perlport.html

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1818093/how-can-i-construct-os-independent-file-paths-in-perl-including-an-optional-wind

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windows

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