Split Column with delimiter into multiple columns

问题

I got a table with 20 columns. One of the columns contains multiple values separated by a semicolon. It looks like this:

-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-1;-1;-1;-9;-1;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-1;-1;-9;-1;-1;0000;FFF8;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;FFF6;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9

It contains always 115 values. The values can be "-1", "-9" or a hex number.

Now I want to create a view which contains the original 20 columns plus 115 columns foreach delimited string. Can someone help me?

回答1:

This is an example on how to do this:

DECLARE @tt TABLE(i INT IDENTITY,x VARCHAR(8000));
INSERT INTO @tt(x)VALUES('-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-1;-1;-1;-9;-1;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-9;-1;-1;-9;-1;-1;0000;FFF8;-9;-9;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;FFF6;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-1;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9;-9');

SELECT
    i,
    val1=n.v.value('/e[1]','VARCHAR(16)'),
    val2=n.v.value('/e[2]','VARCHAR(16)'),
    val3=n.v.value('/e[3]','VARCHAR(16)'),
    -- ... repeat for val4 .. val114
    val115=n.v.value('/e[115]','VARCHAR(16)')
FROM
    @tt
    CROSS APPLY (
        SELECT 
            CAST('<e>'+REPLACE(x,';','</e><e>')+'</e>' AS XML) AS itm
    ) AS i
    CROSS APPLY i.itm.nodes('/') AS n(v);

This is some XML trickery, by making the column with delimited values a XML where each value is an e element. The individual elements are then retrieved using the index in the value function.

Since this is a single statement it can be used as the query in a view.

回答2:

You can use a split function that returns the position. Unfortunately, split_string() in SQL Server 2016 does not yet support this. (Microsoft is aware of this.)

You can find code for such functions (say, here, although I don't recommend that particular version).

Then you can do:

select t.*, v.*
from t cross apply
     (select max(case when pos = 1 then val end) as col_001,
             max(case when pos = 2 then val end) as col_002,
             . . .
             max(case when pos = 115 then val end) as col_115
      from dbo.split(';', t.col) s(pos, val)
     ) v;

回答3:

You can query as below:

Declare @cols2 varchar(max)
Declare @query nvarchar(max)

--Row Numbers with tally
;with c1 as (
    Select top(Select max(len(splitcolumn) - len(replace(splitcolumn,';',''))) from #data) 
        RowN = Row_number() over (order by (Select NULL))
    from master..spt_values s1, master..spt_values 
)
select @cols2 = stuff((select ','+QuoteName(RowN) from c1 group by RowN for xml path('')),1,1,'')

Select @query = '
    Select * from (
        Select Id, RowN, [Value] from #data
        cross apply (
                Select xm = CAST(''<x>'' + REPLACE((SELECT REPLACE(splitcolumn,'';'',''$$$SSText$$$'') AS [*] FOR XML PATH('''')),''$$$SSText$$$'',''</x><x>'')+ ''</x>'' AS XML) 
        ) a
        cross apply (
            Select RowN = Row_Number() over (order by (SELECT NULL)), y.value(N''text()[1]'', N''nvarchar(MAX)'') as value 
            FROM a.xm.nodes(N''x'') as x(y) 
        ) b
    ) rws
    pivot (max([Value]) for RowN in (' + @cols2 + ')) p'

Exec sp_executesql @query

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46217397/split-column-with-delimiter-into-multiple-columns

标签

sql

sql-server

sql-server-2012