How do I do inline assembly on the IPhone?

Question

How is it done? What steps do I need to take and what pitfalls and gotchas are there to consider?

Answer 1

I've gotten this to work, thanks to some inside help over at the Apple Devforums, you should sign up if you're a dedicated IPhone developer.

First thing's first, it's __asm__(), not plain asm().

Secondly, by default, XCode generates a compilation target that compiles inline assembly against the ARM Thumb instruction set, so usat wasn't recognized as a proper instruction. To fix this, do "Get Info" on the Target. Scroll down to the section "GCC 4.0 - Code Generation" and uncheck "Compile for Thumb". Then this following snippet will compile just fine if you set the Active SDK to "Device"

inline int asm_saturate_to_255 (int a) {
  int y;
  __asm__("usat %0, #8, %1\n\t" : "=r"(y) : "r"(a));
  return y;
}

Naturally, now it won't work with the IPhone Simulator. But TargetConditionals.h has defines you can #ifdef against. Namely TARGET_OS_IPHONE and TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR.

Answer 2

I write quite a bit of ARM Cortex-A8 assembly-code. The CPU on the iPhone is an ARM11 (afaik) so the core instruction set is the same.

What exactly are you looking for? I could give you some examples if you want.

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EDIT:

I just found out that on the iPhone you have to use the llvm-gcc compiler. As far as I know it should understand the inline assembler syntax from GCC. If so all the ARM inline assembler tutorials will work on the iPhone as well.

Here is a very minimal inline assembler function (in C). Could you please tell me if it compiles and works on the iphone? If it works I can rant a bit how to do usefull stuff in ARM inline assembler, especially for the ARMv6 architecture and the DSP extensions.

inline int saturate_to_255 (int a)
{
  int y;
  asm ("usat %0, #8, %1\n\t" : "=r"(y) : "r"(a));
  return y;
}

should be equivalent to:

inline int saturate_to_255 (int a)
{
  if (a < 0) a =0;
  if (a > 255) a = 255;
  return a;
}

Answer 3

The registers can also be used explicitly in inline asm

void foo(void) {
#if TARGET_CPU_ARM64
    __asm ("sub        sp, sp, #0x60");
    __asm ("str        x29, [sp, #0x50]");
#endif
}

Answer 4

Thumb is recommended for application which do not require heavy float operation. Thumb makes the code size smaller and results also in a faster code execution.

So you should only turn Thumb off for application like 3D games...