Python logging and subprocess ouput and error stream

问题

I would like to start off a python process and log subprocess error messages to the logging object of the parent script. I would ideally like to unify the log streams into one file. Can I somehow access the output stream of the logging class? One solution I know of is to use proc log for logging. As described in the answer below, I could read from the proc.stdin and stderr, but I'd have duplicate logging headers. I wonder if there is a way to pass the file descriptor underlying the logging class directly to the subprocess?

logging.basicConfig(filename="test.log",level=logging.DEBUG)
logging.info("Started")
procLog = open(os.path.expanduser("subproc.log"), 'w')
proc = subprocess.Popen(cmdStr, shell=True, stderr=procLog, stdout=procLog)
proc.wait()
procLog.flush()

回答1:

Based on Adam Rosenfield's code, you could

use select.select to block until there is output to be read from proc.stdout or proc.stderr,
read and log that output, then
repeat until the process is done.

Note that the following writes to /tmp/test.log and runs the command ls -laR /tmp. Change to suit your needs.

(PS: Typically /tmp contains directories which can not be read by normal users, so running ls -laR /tmp produces output to both stdout and stderr. The code below correctly interleaves those two streams as they are produced.)

import logging
import subprocess
import shlex
import select
import fcntl
import os
import errno
import contextlib

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

def make_async(fd):
    '''add the O_NONBLOCK flag to a file descriptor'''
    fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL) | os.O_NONBLOCK)

def read_async(fd):
    '''read some data from a file descriptor, ignoring EAGAIN errors'''
    try:
        return fd.read()
    except IOError, e:
        if e.errno != errno.EAGAIN:
            raise e
        else:
            return ''

def log_fds(fds):
    for fd in fds:
        out = read_async(fd)
        if out:
            logger.info(out)

@contextlib.contextmanager
def plain_logger():
    root = logging.getLogger()    
    hdlr = root.handlers[0]
    formatter_orig = hdlr.formatter
    hdlr.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(message)s'))
    yield 
    hdlr.setFormatter(formatter_orig)

def main():
    # fmt = '%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s'
    logging.basicConfig(filename = '/tmp/test.log', mode = 'w',
                        level = logging.DEBUG)

    logger.info("Started")
    cmdStr = 'ls -laR /tmp'

    with plain_logger():
        proc = subprocess.Popen(shlex.split(cmdStr),
                                stdout = subprocess.PIPE, stderr = subprocess.PIPE)
        # without `make_async`, `fd.read` in `read_async` blocks.
        make_async(proc.stdout)
        make_async(proc.stderr)
        while True:
            # Wait for data to become available 
            rlist, wlist, xlist = select.select([proc.stdout, proc.stderr], [], [])
            log_fds(rlist)
            if proc.poll() is not None:
                # Corner case: check if more output was created
                # between the last call to read_async and now                
                log_fds([proc.stdout, proc.stderr])                
                break

    logger.info("Done")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Edit:

You can redirect stdout and stderr to logfile = open('/tmp/test.log', 'a'). A small difficulty with doing so, however, is that any logger handler that is also writing to /tmp/test.log will not be aware of what the subprocess is writing, and so the log file may get garbled.

If you do not make logging calls while the subprocess is doing its business, then the only problem is that the logger handler has the wrong position in the file after the subprocess has finished. That can be fixed by calling

handler.stream.seek(0, 2)

so the handler will resume writing at the end of the file.

import logging
import subprocess
import contextlib
import shlex

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

@contextlib.contextmanager
def suspended_logger():
    root = logging.getLogger()    
    handler = root.handlers[0]
    yield 
    handler.stream.seek(0, 2)

def main():
    logging.basicConfig(filename = '/tmp/test.log', filemode = 'w',
                        level = logging.DEBUG)

    logger.info("Started")
    with suspended_logger():
        cmdStr = 'test2.py 1>>/tmp/test.log 2>&1'
        logfile = open('/tmp/test.log', 'a')
        proc = subprocess.Popen(shlex.split(cmdStr),
                                stdout = logfile,
                                stderr = logfile)
        proc.communicate()
    logger.info("Done")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9114217/python-logging-and-subprocess-ouput-and-error-stream

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logging