Format string in python with variable formatting

问题

How can I use variables to format my variables?

cart = {"pinapple": 1, "towel": 4, "lube": 1}
column_width = max(len(item) for item in items)
for item, qty in cart.items():
    print "{:column_width}: {}".format(item, qty)

> ValueError: Invalid conversion specification

or

(...):
    print "{:"+str(column_width)+"}: {}".format(item, qty)

> ValueError: Single '}' encountered in format string

What I can do, though, is first construct the formatting string and then format it:

(...):
    formatter = "{:"+str(column_width)+"}: {}"
    print formatter.format(item, qty)

> lube    : 1
> towel   : 4
> pinapple: 1

Looks clumsy, however. Isn't there a better way to handle this kind of situation?

回答1:

Okay, problem solved already, here's the answer for future reference: variables can be nested, so this works perfectly fine:

for item, qty in cart.items():
    print "{0:{1}} - {2}".format(item, column_width, qty)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10498434/format-string-in-python-with-variable-formatting