how to get the full contents of a node using xpath & lxml?

问题

I am using lxml's xpath function to retrieve parts of a webpage. I am trying to get contents of a  tag, which includes html tags of its own. If I use

//td[@valign="top"]/p[1]/font[@face="verdana" and @color="#ffffff" and @size="2"]

I get the right amount of nodes, but they are returned as lxml objects (<Element font at 0x101fe5eb0>).

If I use

//td[@valign="top"]/p[1]/font[@face="verdana" and @color="#ffffff" and @size="2"]/text()

I get exactly what I want, except that I don't get any of the HTML code which is contained within the  nodes.

If I use

//td[@valign="top"]/p[1]/font[@face="verdana" and @color="#ffffff" and @size="2"]/node()

if get a mixture of text and lxml elements! (e.g. something something <Element a at 0x102ac2140> something)

Is there anyway to use a pure XPath query to get the contents of the  nodes, or even to force lxml to return a string of the contents from the .xpath() method, rather than an lxml object?

Note that I'm returning a list of many nodes from the XPath query so the solution needs to support that.

just to clarify... i want to return something something <a href="url">inside</a> something from something like...

<font face="verdana" color="#ffffff" size="2"><a href="url">inside</a> something</font>

回答1:

I'm not sure I understand -- is this close to what you are looking for?

import lxml.etree as le
import cStringIO
content='''\
<font face="verdana" color="#ffffff" size="2"><a href="url">inside</a> something</font>
'''
doc=le.parse(cStringIO.StringIO(content))

xpath='//font[@face="verdana" and @color="#ffffff" and @size="2"]/child::*'
x=doc.xpath(xpath)
print(map(le.tostring,x))
# ['<a href="url">inside</a> something']

回答2:

Is there anyway to use a pure XPath query to get the contents of the  nodes, or even to force lxml to return a string of the contents from the .xpath() method, rather than an lxml object?

Note that I'm returning a list of many nodes from the XPath query so the solution needs to support that.

just to clarify... i want to return something something <a href="url">inside</a> something from something like...
<a
href="url">inside something

Short answer: No.

XPath doesn't work on "tags" but with nodes

The selected nodes are represented as instances of specific objects in the language that is hosting XPath.

In case you need the string representation of a particular node's markup, such objects typically support an outerXML property -- check the documentation of the hosting language (lxml in this case).

As @Robert-Rossney pointed out in his comment: lxml's tostring() method is equivalent to other environments' outerXml property.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4114731/how-to-get-the-full-contents-of-a-node-using-xpath-lxml

标签

python

html

lxml

xpath