问题
In Java I can pass a Scanner a string and then I can do handy things like, scanner.hasNext() or scanner.nextInt(), scanner.nextDouble() etc.
This allows some pretty clean code for parsing a string that contains rows of numbers.
How is this done in C# land?
If you had a string that say had:
"0 0 1 22 39 0 0 1 2 33 33"
In Java I would pass that to a scanner and do a
while(scanner.hasNext())
myArray[i++] = scanner.nextInt();
Or something very similar. What is the C#' ish way to do this?
回答1:
I'm going to add this as a separate answer because it's quite distinct from the answer I already gave. Here's how you could start creating your own Scanner class:
class Scanner : System.IO.StringReader
{
string currentWord;
public Scanner(string source) : base(source)
{
readNextWord();
}
private void readNextWord()
{
System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
char nextChar;
int next;
do
{
next = this.Read();
if (next < 0)
break;
nextChar = (char)next;
if (char.IsWhiteSpace(nextChar))
break;
sb.Append(nextChar);
} while (true);
while((this.Peek() >= 0) && (char.IsWhiteSpace((char)this.Peek())))
this.Read();
if (sb.Length > 0)
currentWord = sb.ToString();
else
currentWord = null;
}
public bool hasNextInt()
{
if (currentWord == null)
return false;
int dummy;
return int.TryParse(currentWord, out dummy);
}
public int nextInt()
{
try
{
return int.Parse(currentWord);
}
finally
{
readNextWord();
}
}
public bool hasNextDouble()
{
if (currentWord == null)
return false;
double dummy;
return double.TryParse(currentWord, out dummy);
}
public double nextDouble()
{
try
{
return double.Parse(currentWord);
}
finally
{
readNextWord();
}
}
public bool hasNext()
{
return currentWord != null;
}
}
回答2:
Using part of the answers already given, I've created a StringReader that can extract Enum and any data type that implements IConvertible.
Usage
using(var reader = new PacketReader("1 23 ErrorOk StringValue 15.22")
{
var index = reader.ReadNext<int>();
var count = reader.ReadNext<int>();
var result = reader.ReadNext<ErrorEnum>();
var data = reader.ReadNext<string>();
var responseTime = reader.ReadNext<double>();
}
Implementation
public class PacketReader : StringReader
{
public PacketReader(string s)
: base(s)
{
}
public T ReadNext<T>() where T : IConvertible
{
var sb = new StringBuilder();
do
{
var current = Read();
if (current < 0)
break;
sb.Append((char)current);
var next = (char)Peek();
if (char.IsWhiteSpace(next))
break;
} while (true);
var value = sb.ToString();
var type = typeof(T);
if (type.IsEnum)
return (T)Enum.Parse(type, value);
return (T)((IConvertible)value).ToType(typeof(T), System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
}
}
回答3:
While this isn't the exact same fundamental concept, what you're looking for can be done with this lambda expression:
string foo = "0 0 1 22 39 0 0 1 2 33 33";
int[] data = foo.Split(' ').Select(p => int.Parse(p)).ToArray();
What this does is first Split the string, using a space as a delimiter. The Select function then allows you to specify an alias for a given member in the array (which I referred to as 'p' in this example), then perform an operation on that member to give a final result. The ToArray() call then turns this abstract enumerable class into a concrete array.
So in this end, this splits the string, then converts each element into an int and populates an int[] with the resulting values.
回答4:
To my knowledge, there are no built in classes in the framework for doing this. You would have to roll your own.
That would not be too hard. A nice C# version might implement IEnumerable so you could say:
var scanner = new Scanner<int>(yourString);
foreach(int n in scanner)
; // your code
回答5:
To get as close as possible to your syntax, this'll work if you're only interested in one type ("int" in the example):
static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (args.Length == 0) { args = new string[] { "3", "43", "6" }; }
IEnumerator<int> scanner = (from arg in args select int.Parse(arg)).GetEnumerator();
while (scanner.MoveNext())
{
Console.Write("{0} ", scanner.Current);
}
}
Here's an even more whiz-bang version that allows you to access any type that is supported by string's IConvertible implementation:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (args.Length == 0) { args = new string[] { "3", "43", "6" }; }
var scanner = args.Select<string, Func<Type, Object>>((string s) => {
return (Type t) =>
((IConvertible)s).ToType(t, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
}).GetEnumerator();
while (scanner.MoveNext())
{
Console.Write("{0} ", scanner.Current(typeof(int)));
}
}
Just pass a different type to the "typeof" operator in the while loop to choose the type.
These both require the latest versions of C# and the .NET framework.
回答6:
You could use linq to accomplish this like so:
string text = "0 0 1 22 39 0 0 1 2 33 33";
text.Where(i => char.IsNumber(i)).Write(); // do somthing usefull here...
回答7:
I would do this in one of a couple ways depending on whether 1) you are using the latest .NET framework with LINQ support and 2) you know the values are valid integers. Here's a function to demonstrate both:
int[] ParseIntArray(string input, bool validateRequired)
{
if (validateRequired)
{
string[] split = input.Split();
List<int> result = new List<int>(split.Length);
int parsed;
for (int inputIdx = 0; inputIdx < split.Length; inputIdx++)
{
if (int.TryParse(split[inputIdx], out parsed))
result.Add(parsed);
}
return result.ToArray();
}
else
return (from i in input.Split()
select int.Parse(i)).ToArray();
}
Based on comments in other answer(s), I assume you need the validation. After reading those comments, I think the closest thing you'll get is int.TryParse and double.TryParse, which is kind of a combination of hasNextInt and nextInt (or a combination of hasNextDouble and nextDouble).
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/722270/is-there-an-equivalent-to-the-scanner-class-in-c-sharp-for-strings