How to `git submodule add` Existing sub Repository?

问题

The Question

How to add existing sub repository as a submodule in git?

The Why

I have a private codespace supermodule with submodules scattered randomly:

codespace (git repo, private)
├── Archived_projects (git repos)
└── Projects
    ├── project-foo (git repo)
    └── project-bar (git repo)

Sometimes submodules have commits not ready to be pushed. But I want them to be saved while pushing supermodule codespace.
codespace is a repo cloned to c9.io workspace or other places.

What I Do

linus@machine /cygdrive/f/__Storage__/Workspace
$ git clone https://github.com/octocat/Spoon-Knife.git
Cloning into 'Spoon-Knife'...
$ cd Spoon-Knife/
$ git clone https://github.com/octocat/Spoon-Knife.git ./foo/bar
Cloning into './foo/bar'...
$ git add .

From cmd.exe

> git submodule add https://github.com/octocat/Spoon-Knife.git ./foo/bar
'foo/bar' already exists in the index
> cat .gitmodules
cat: .gitmodules: No such file or directory

From cygwin.exe (bash)

$ git submodule add https://github.com/octocat/Spoon-Knife.git ./foo/bar
': not a valid identifier/Git/mingw64/bin/gettext.sh: line 89: export: `sm_path
'' already exists in the index
$ cat .gitmodules
cat: .gitmodules: No such file or directory

Reference

git submodule [--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>]
              [--reference <repository>] [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<path>]

<repository> is the URL of the new submodule’s origin repository.

<path> is the relative location for the cloned submodule to exist in the superproject. If <path> does not exist, then the
submodule is created by cloning from the named URL. If <path> does exist and is already a valid Git repository, then this is
added to the changeset without cloning. This second form is provided to ease creating a new submodule from scratch, and
presumes the user will later push the submodule to the given URL.

In either case, the given URL is recorded into .gitmodules for use by subsequent users cloning the superproject. If the URL
is given relative to the superproject’s repository, the presumption is the superproject and submodule repositories will be
kept together in the same relative location, and only the superproject’s URL needs to be provided: git-submodule will
correctly locate the submodule using the relative URL in .gitmodules.

If <path> does exist and is already a valid Git repository, then this is added to the changeset without cloning.

Why this doesn't work in my case?

回答1:

git submodule add detects if the path given for a submosule exists and contains an initialized git repo, so no neeed to worry about that. I ran into a similar problem so I wrote a (hacky) script to deal with this issue.

#!/bin/bash
# save super directory
currentDir=`pwd`
# get all the git repos inside (except .) and format them 
# the way git does
gitDirs=`find -type d -name ".git" | sed -e 's|.git$||' -e 's|./||' -e 's|/$||' | grep -v "^$"`

for i in ${gitDirs[@]}
do
        echo "dealing with $i now"

        cd $i 
        # get the remote url for each submodule
        fetchUrl=`git remote -v | awk '/fetch/ {print $2}'`
        # for my purposes repos without remotes are useless
        # but you may have a different use case
        if [[ -z $fetchUrl ]]
        then
                echo "fetch url not found for this directory"
                continue
        else                                                      
                echo "got a fetch url of $fetchUrl for git repo $i"                                                                 
        fi                                                        

        cd $currentDir
        # make sure it isn't tracked as a submodule already                                                         
        existing=`grep -A5  $i ./.gitmodules | grep $fetchUrl`    

        if [[ -z $existing ]]                                     
        then                                                      
                echo "does not exist in .gitmodules yet, will create now"
                # if it doesn't exist yet then create it
                git submodule add $fetchUrl $i
        else
                echo "$i is already present as a submodule with fetch url: $fetchUrl"
                echo "The command we would have used is: git submodule add $fetchUrl $i"
        fi
done

回答2:

One way to do it is to manually create the .gitmodule file

The format is below

[submodule "path/to/submodule1"]
    path = path/to/submodule/1
    url = git@github.com:user/submodule1
[submodule "path/to/submodule2"]
    path = path/to/submodule/2
    url = git@github.com:user/submodule2

回答3:

You don't need to clone manually first. After running git submodule add [url] [path] run git submodule update, which will clone/pull all submodules for you.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32776018/how-to-git-submodule-add-existing-sub-repository

标签

git

git-submodules

cloud9-ide