Python file input string: how to handle escaped unicode characters?

问题

In a text file (test.txt), my string looks like this:

Gro\u00DFbritannien

Reading it, python escapes the backslash:

>>> file = open('test.txt', 'r')
>>> input = file.readline()
>>> input
'Gro\\u00DFbritannien'

How can I have this interpreted as unicode? decode() and unicode() won't do the job.

The following code writes Gro\u00DFbritannien back to the file, but I want it to be Großbritannien

>>> input.decode('latin-1')
u'Gro\\u00DFbritannien'
>>> out = codecs.open('out.txt', 'w', 'utf-8')
>>> out.write(input)

回答1:

You want to use the unicode_escape codec:

>>> x = 'Gro\\u00DFbritannien'
>>> y = unicode(x, 'unicode_escape')
>>> print y
Großbritannien

See the docs for the vast number of standard encodings that come as part of the Python standard library.

回答2:

Use the built-in 'unicode_escape' codec:

>>> file = open('test.txt', 'r')
>>> input = file.readline()
>>> input
'Gro\\u00DFbritannien\n'
>>> input.decode('unicode_escape')
u'Gro\xdfbritannien\n'

You may also use codecs.open():

>>> import codecs
>>> file = codecs.open('test.txt', 'r', 'unicode_escape')
>>> input = file.readline()
>>> input
u'Gro\xdfbritannien\n'

The list of standard encodings is available in the Python documentation: http://docs.python.org/library/codecs.html#standard-encodings

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2811174/python-file-input-string-how-to-handle-escaped-unicode-characters