问题
I first came across exceptions with ADA 83. As far as I know, the designers of ADA invented the concept of exceptions. Is this true, or did any programming language that came before use exceptions too?
回答1:
According to c2.com's Ground Breaking Languages page it was PL/I.
回答2:
It depends on how you define generics. Parametric polymorphism - which allows you to define functions and types that are not tied to particular argument / field types - was there in ML already - and that's 1973. There is a Standard ML sample from Wikipedia:
fun reverse [] = []
| reverse (x::xs) = (reverse xs) @ [x]
Note that this function is statically typed, but polymorphic ("generic") on any type of list.
While this example is SML (which is a later thing), so far as I know, the concept was present in earliest ML versions as well.
回答3:
From Wikipedia:
Generic programming facilities first appeared in the 1970s in languages like CLU and Ada, and were subsequently adopted by many object-based and object-oriented languages, including BETA, C++, D, Eiffel, Java, and DEC's now defunct Trellis-Owl language. Implementations of generics in languages such as Java and C# are formally based on the notion of parametricity, due to John C. Reynolds.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1308434/in-which-language-did-exceptions-first-appear