Python: How to return list of booleans to see if elements of one list in another list

问题

I have two lists:

A = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
B = [2,3,4]

and want to get a boolean list of length(A) where the element at each index indicates whether the element at the same index in A is in anywhere in the list B. The return value would be:

[False, True, True, True, False, False, False, False] 

It would be easy to write a function, but want to know if there is a paradigmatic way of doing it in Python.

In R, the counterpart would be

which(A %in% b)

回答1:

use a list comprehension:

In [164]: A = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

In [165]: B = [2,3,4]

In [166]: [x in B for x in A]
Out[166]: [False, True, True, True, False, False, False, False]

If B is huge then better convert it to a set first. As, membership test for sets is O(1) compared to O(n) in lists.

In [167]: b=set(B)

In [168]: [x in b for x in A]
Out[168]: [False, True, True, True, False, False, False, False]

回答2:

Another way to write it (but slower due to lambda usage):

>>> A = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
>>> B = [2,3,4]
>>> S = set(B)
>>> map(lambda x: x in S, A)
[False, True, True, True, False, False, False, False]

回答3:

In [1]: A = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

In [2]: B = [2,3,4]

In [3]: map(B.__contains__, A)
Out[3]: [False, True, True, True, False, False, False, False]

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14430454/python-how-to-return-list-of-booleans-to-see-if-elements-of-one-list-in-another