sort and get uniq lines of file in python

问题

i always use this commmand line to sort and get uniq lines only and it works as a charm even with large files (over 500,000 lines)

sort filename.txt | uniq | sponge filename.txt

shortest equivalent python code would be

f = open("filename.txt", "r")
lines = [line for line in f]
lines = lines.sort()
lines = set(lines)

but of course this is not scalable because of memory constrains and writing scalable code in python would take time , so i wonder what is the shortest equivalent code (package) in python

回答1:

You don't need to do a sort in python since set would take care of uniqueness even without sorting.

f = open("filename.txt", "r")
lines = set(f.readlines())

The shell sort command would also load the lines into memory, so using that would not get you any memory savings. If you have really large files or you are adamant on not using additional memory, you can try some crazy tricks like the one shown here: http://neopythonic.blogspot.in/2008/10/sorting-million-32-bit-integers-in-2mb.html

回答2:

There is an iterator that does what sort does, sorted. Let's make one that mimics uniq, by only yielding lines that aren't equal to the previous line:

def uniq(iterator):
    previous = float("NaN")  # Not equal to anything
    for value in iterator:
        if previous != value:
            yield value
            previous = value

Now you can do the same thing, with:

with open('/path/to/filename') as f:
    for line in uniq(sorted(f)):
        print(line)

BUt sorted (and shell's sort) has to store everything anyway (what if the last line in the file should be output first), so it's worse than just using set(f) instead of uniq(sorted(f)).

回答3:

Here is a shorter example:

with open("filename.txt", 'r') as f:
    lines = set(f)

Also, one thing, that should be noticed, that in this case, only one line at a time will be loaded into memory. The reason for this is that the above code is equivalent to:

lines = set()
f = open("filename.txt", 'r')
for line in f: # now f works as a generator of lines, reading only one line at a time
     lines.add(line)

回答4:

use shell commands from python:

import os
os.system("sort filename.txt | uniq | sponge filename.txt")

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19764655/sort-and-get-uniq-lines-of-file-in-python

标签

python

command-line

unique