How can I draw inside existing QGraphicsVIew?

问题

just like the title says i'm trying to draw inside an existing QGraphicsView. The window I generated using QT Designer, and I would like to draw a matrix of 16x16 squares inside the QGraphicsView.

This is the code I have as of right now:

Window:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'untitled.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.8.2
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(911, 567)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 10, 301, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(12)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 40, 271, 91))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.groupBox.setFont(font)
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.rdtest = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.rdtest.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 60, 101, 22))
        self.rdtest.setObjectName("rdtest")
        self.rdtrain = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.rdtrain.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 30, 101, 22))
        self.rdtrain.setObjectName("rdtrain")
        self.graphicsView = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)
        self.graphicsView.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 40, 601, 411))
        self.graphicsView.setObjectName("graphicsView")
        self.clear = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.clear.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 470, 88, 29))
        self.clear.setObjectName("clear")
        self.trainNewInput = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.trainNewInput.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(500, 470, 111, 29))
        self.trainNewInput.setObjectName("trainNewInput")
        self.trainbox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.trainbox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 150, 271, 171))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.trainbox.setFont(font)
        self.trainbox.setObjectName("trainbox")
        self.vtrain = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.trainbox)
        self.vtrain.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(100, 70, 101, 29))
        self.vtrain.setObjectName("vtrain")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.trainbox)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 70, 56, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.label_2.setFont(font)
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.trainDefault = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.trainbox)
        self.trainDefault.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 30, 161, 29))
        self.trainDefault.setObjectName("trainDefault")
        self.output = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.trainbox)
        self.output.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 130, 271, 17))
        self.output.setText("")
        self.output.setObjectName("output")
        self.output_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.trainbox)
        self.output_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 150, 271, 17))
        self.output_2.setText("")
        self.output_2.setObjectName("output_2")
        self.testbox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.testbox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 330, 271, 171))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.testbox.setFont(font)
        self.testbox.setObjectName("testbox")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.testbox)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 40, 161, 29))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 911, 23))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "RNA: Numeros "))
        self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Opciones:"))
        self.rdtest.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Test"))
        self.rdtrain.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Train"))
        self.clear.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Clear"))
        self.trainNewInput.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Train new Input"))
        self.trainbox.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Train:"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "% Test:"))
        self.trainDefault.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Train Default Data"))
        self.testbox.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "Test:"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Start Test"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Logic class where I want to create a method that draws on the QGraphicsView from the window:

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QGraphicsScene
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QLineF, QPointF, QRectF, Qt)
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QGraphicsView, QGraphicsScene, QGraphicsItem,
                             QGridLayout, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout,
                             QLabel, QLineEdit, QPushButton)
from window import Ui_MainWindow
from RNA import NumberIA

train = []
train_r = []
test = []
test_r = []


class MyFirstGuiProgram(Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, dialog):
        Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self)

        self.setupUi(dialog)
        self.rdtrain.setChecked(True)

        # Connect "add" button with a custom function (addInputTextToListbox)
        self.clear.clicked.connect(self.addInputTextToListbox)
        self.trainDefault.clicked.connect(self.t_DefaultData)
        self.rdtest.clicked.connect(self.enableTest)
        self.rdtrain.clicked.connect(self.enableTrain)

    def enableTest(self):
        self.trainbox.setEnabled(False)
        self.trainNewInput.setEnabled(False)
        self.testbox.setEnabled(True)

    def drawSomething(self):
        tes = "f"

    def enableTrain(self):
        self.trainbox.setEnabled(True)
        self.trainNewInput.setEnabled(True)
        self.testbox.setEnabled(False)

    def addInputTextToListbox(self):
        print("Hello world!!!")

    def t_DefaultData(self):
        ann = NumberIA()

        t = self.vtrain.text()
        print("Training data: ", t)

        global train
        global train_r
        global test
        global test_r
        train, train_r, test, test_r = ann.read_file(float(t))
        self.output.setText("Train complete...")

        ann.crear_red(train, train_r)
        accuracy, matrix = ann.probar_red(test, test_r)
        self.output_2.setText("Accuracy: " + str(accuracy * 100) + "%")

        print("Matris de Confusion:")
        print('\n'.join([''.join(['{:4}'.format(item) for item in row])
                         for row in matrix]))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = MyFirstGuiProgram(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    MainWindow.setWindowTitle("RNA: Inteligencia Artificial 2")
    ui.enableTrain()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

I cant seem to find examples on how to to this online, the examples I have found are vague to me and cant seem to figure it out.

回答1:

I recommend you inherit from QMainWindow and implement the Ui_MainWindow interface, to draw in a QGraphicsView you must use a QGraphicsScene, and use its methods, in this case use addRect().

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class MyFirstGuiProgram(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent=parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        scene = QtWidgets.QGraphicsScene()
        self.graphicsView.setScene(scene)
        pen = QtGui.QPen(QtCore.Qt.green)

        side = 20

        for i in range(16):
            for j in range(16):
                r = QtCore.QRectF(QtCore.QPointF(i*side, j*side), QtCore.QSizeF(side, side))
                scene.addRect(r, pen)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MyFirstGuiProgram()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

回答2:

You can also draw it by QLineF(), it gives more control from design point of view.

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

def sceneWithPen(grid):

    scene = QGraphicsScene()
    view = QGraphicsView()
    view.setScene(scene)
                                        # Creating line's colors
    red = QColor(qRgb(172, 50, 99))
    blue = QColor(qRgb(50, 150, 203))
                                        # Set length of square's side and number of horizontal and vertical lines
    vLines = 16
    hLines = 16
    side = 30
                                        # Set starting values for loops
    hor = 0
    ver = 0
    subdiv = 16
    leftX,leftY = 0, 0
    rightX, rightY = subdiv*side, 0
    bottomX, bottomY= 0, 0
    topX, topY = 0, subdiv*side

    while ver < vLines:
                                        # Drawing vertical lines
        ver = ver + 1
        vLine = QLineF(bottomX, bottomY, topX, topY)
        bottomX, topX = bottomX + side, topX + side
        scene.addLine(vLine, red)

    while hor < hLines:
                                        #Drawing horizontal lines
        hor = hor + 1
        hLine = QLineF(leftX, leftY, rightX, rightY)
        leftY, rightY = leftY + side, rightY + side
        scene.addLine(hLine, blue)

    grid.addWidget(view)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = QWidget()
    grid = QGridLayout()
    sceneWithPen(grid)
    w.setLayout(grid)
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

It will be like this:

回答3:

Great example @eyllanesc just gave you right above, here is another small example I just happened to have laying around, if you need to draw like a simple free hand.

Have your MainWindow, for example a QMainWindow or Qwidget or...
Have a QGraphicsView.
Set the QGraphicsView's scene with your QGraphicsScene
Have your own QGraphicsPathItem so you can set properties you need.
Have the implementation of what you want to draw inside your scene, so it knows how to draw on itself.

Having things in this way you will have control of several scenes knowing how to draw on itself independently, of course if you will need more than one scene.

This example the logic were implemented inside the QGraphicsView, you could move it to your GraphicsScene.

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):

    central_widget = None
    layout_container = None

    def __init__(self):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
        self.central_widget = QWidget()
        self.layout_container = QVBoxLayout()
        self.central_widget.setLayout(self.layout_container)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)
        self.layout_container.addWidget(GraphicsView())

class GraphicsView(QGraphicsView):

    start = None
    end = None
    item = None
    path = None

    def __init__(self):
        super(GraphicsView, self).__init__()
        self.setScene(QGraphicsScene())
        self.path = QPainterPath()
        self.item = GraphicsPathItem()
        self.scene().addItem(self.item)

    def mousePressEvent(self, event):
        self.start = self.mapToScene(event.pos())
        self.path.moveTo(self.start)

    def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
        self.end = self.mapToScene(event.pos())
        self.path.lineTo(self.end)
        self.start = self.end
        self.item.setPath(self.path)

class GraphicsPathItem(QGraphicsPathItem):

    def __init__(self):
        super(GraphicsPathItem, self).__init__()
        pen = QPen()
        pen.setColor(Qt.black)
        pen.setWidth(10)
        self.setPen(pen)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mw = MainWindow()
    mw.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44193227/how-can-i-draw-inside-existing-qgraphicsview

标签

python

pyqt

pyqt5

qt-designer

qgraphicsview