问题
Is there a description of Prolog language (syntax and semantics) available online?
There are a lot of reference manuals for implementations. But neither of those is a language description. For example the SWI Prolog manual states
This manual does not describe the full syntax and semantics of Prolog.
And refers to a set of books printed on paper, published in the nineteen eighties. And to ISO standard which is for money and "should be available from my country's ISO representative" gibberish.
回答1:
The ISO standard is available for a very low price (currently USD 30 60) from the ANSI webstore as an INCITS document. There you also get the two corrigenda for free. See iso-prolog tag info for all current documents. Here is a comprehensive overview of all built-in predicates which includes Cor.1 and Cor.2.
If you want a printout version, the best is still to print above INCITS document yourself being aware that page 10 is missing (a page left intentionally blank) — otherwise odd pages are on the left side. The document is an A4 scan with two columns per page. The informal Annex A goes better in a separate binding. Instead, add the two corrigenda!
Alternatively, SAI sells hardcopies.
回答2:
You might want to use the following preprint of an
appendix of a book that is not the ISO core standard:
ISO Prolog: A Summary of the Draft Proposed Standard.
Michael A. Covington, 1993
http://www.uv.es/fbarber/prolog/isoprolog94_ps.Z
http://www.dropbox.com/s/kr1pbrfc1kqzdpq/isoprolog94_ps.Z
It is much shorter than the full ISO standard, but
it informally predates and covers almost the same.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10914155/a-searchable-prolog-language-description-online