CUDA incompatible with my gcc version

问题

I have troubles compiling some of the examples shipped with CUDA SDK. I have installed the developers driver (version 270.41.19) and the CUDA toolkit, then finally the SDK (both the 4.0.17 version).

Initially it didn't compile at all giving:

error -- unsupported GNU version! gcc 4.5 and up are not supported!

I found the line responsible in 81:/usr/local/cuda/include/host_config.h and changed it to:

//#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 4)
#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 6)

from that point on I got only a few of the examples to compile, it stops with:

In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.6/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/gthr.h:162:0,
             from /usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/atomicity.h:34,
             from /usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/ios_base.h:41,
             from /usr/include/c++/4.6/ios:43,
             from /usr/include/c++/4.6/ostream:40,
             from /usr/include/c++/4.6/iterator:64,
             from /usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/iterator/iterator_categories.h:38,
             from /usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/device_ptr.h:26,
             from /usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/device_malloc_allocator.h:27,
             from /usr/local/cuda/include/thrust/device_vector.h:26,
             from lineOfSight.cu:37:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/gthr-default.h:251:1: error: pasting         "__gthrw_" and "/* Android's C library does not provide pthread_cancel, check for
`pthread_create' instead.  */" does not give a valid preprocessing token
make[1]: *** [obj/x86_64/release/lineOfSight.cu.o] Error 1

As some of the examples compile I reckon this is not a driver problem, but rather must have something to do with an unsupported gcc version. Downgrading is not an option as gcc4.6 has a whole system as a dependency at this point...

回答1:

As already pointed out, nvcc depends on gcc 4.4. It is possible to configure nvcc to use the correct version of gcc without passing any compiler parameters by adding softlinks to the bin directory created with the nvcc install.

The default cuda binary directory (the installation default) is /usr/local/cuda/bin, adding a softlink to the correct version of gcc from this directory is sufficient:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc

回答2:

gcc 4.5 and 4.6 are not supported with CUDA - code won't compile and the rest of the toolchain, including cuda-gdb, won't work properly. You cannot use them, and the restriction is non-negotiable.

Your only solution is to install a gcc 4.4 version as a second compiler (most distributions will allow that). There is an option to nvcc --compiler-bindir which can be used to point to an alternative compiler. Create a local directory and then make symbolic links to the supported gcc version executables. Pass that local directory to nvcc via the --compiler-bindir option, and you should be able to compile CUDA code without affecting the rest of your system.

---

EDIT:

Note that this question, and answer, pertain to CUDA 4.

Since it was written, NVIDIA has continued to expand support for later gcc versions in newer CUDA toolchain release

• As of the CUDA 4.1 release, gcc 4.5 is now supported. gcc 4.6 and 4.7 are unsupported.
  
• As of the CUDA 5.0 release, gcc 4.6 is now supported. gcc 4.7 is unsupported.
  
• As of the CUDA 6.0 release, gcc 4.7 is now supported.
• As of the CUDA 7.0 release, gcc 4.8 is fully supported, with 4.9 support on Ubuntu 14.04 and Fedora 21.
• As of the CUDA 7.5 release, gcc 4.8 is fully supported, with 4.9 support on Ubuntu 14.04 and Fedora 21.
• As of the CUDA 8 release, gcc 5.3 is fully supported on Ubuntu 16.06 and Fedora 23.
• As of the CUDA 9 release, gcc 6 is fully supported on Ubuntu 16.04, Ubuntu 17.04 and Fedora 25.
• The CUDA 9.2 release adds support for gcc 7
• The CUDA 10.1 release adds support for gcc 8

There is presently (as of CUDA 10.1) no gcc 9 support in CUDA.

Note that NVIDIA has recently added a very useful table here which contains the supported compiler and OS matrix for the current CUDA release.

回答3:

1. Check the maximum supported GCC version for your CUDA version.

   For CUDA 10.1, 10.2: 8

   For CUDA 9.2, 10.0: 7

   For CUDA 9.0, 9.1: 6

   For CUDA 8: 5

2. Set an env var for that GCC version. For example, for CUDA 10.2:

   MAX_GCC_VERSION=8
   

3. Make sure you have that version installed:

   sudo apt install gcc-$MAX_GCC_VERSION g++-$MAX_GCC_VERSION
   

4. Add symlinks within CUDA folders:

   sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-$MAX_GCC_VERSION /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc 
   sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-$MAX_GCC_VERSION /usr/local/cuda/bin/g++
   

See this GitHub gist for more information on the CUDA-GCC compatibility table.

回答4:

Gearoid Murphy's solution works better for me since on my distro (Ubuntu 11.10), gcc-4.4 and gcc-4.6 are in the same directory, so --compiler-bindir is no help. The only caveat is I also had to install g++-4.4 and symlink it as well:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-4.4 /usr/local/cuda/bin/g++

回答5:

For CUDA7.5 these lines work:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.9 /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc 
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-4.9 /usr/local/cuda/bin/g++

回答6:

Check out how to use "update-alternatives" to get around this issue:

... If you install gcc 4.6 you can also use the update-alternatives command to allow for easily switching between versions. This can be configured with:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.6 60 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.6 
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.7 40 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.7 
sudo update-alternatives --config gcc

回答7:

On most distributions you have the possibility to install another gcc and g++ version beside a most recent compiler like gcc-4.7. In addition most build systems are aware of the CC and CXX environment variables, which let specify you other C and C++ compilers respectively. SO I suggest something like:

CC=gcc-4.4 CXX=g++-4.4 cmake path/to/your/CMakeLists.txt

For Makefiles there should be a similar way. I do not recommend setting custom symlinks within /usr/local unless you know what you are doing.

回答8:

If using cmake for me none of the hacks of editing the files and linking worked so I compiled using the flags which specify the gcc/g++ version.
cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc-6 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++-6 ..

Worked like charm.

回答9:

This works for fedora 23. The compat gcc repositories will be slightly different based on your version of fedora.

If you install the following repositories:

sudo yum install compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-37.fc23.x86_64 compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-37.fc23.x86_64 

Now make the soft links as mentioned above assuming your cuda bin folder is in /usr/local/cuda/

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-34 /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-34 /usr/local/cuda/bin/g++

You should now be able to compile with nvcc without the gcc version error.

回答10:

Gearoid Murphy's solution works like a charm. For me I had two directories for cuda -

/usr/local/cuda 
/usr/local/cuda-5.0

The soft links had to be added only to the directory mentioned below -

/usr/local/cuda 

Also, both g++ and gcc soft links were required as mentioned by SchighSchagh.

回答11:

Another way of configuring nvcc to use a specific version of gcc (gcc-4.4, for instance), is to edit nvcc.profile and alter PATH to include the path to the gcc you want to use first.

For example (gcc-4.4.6 installed in /opt):

PATH += /opt/gcc-4.4.6/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.4.6:/opt/gcc-4.4.6/bin:$(TOP)/open64/bin:$(TOP)/share/cuda/nvvm:$(_HERE_):

The location of nvcc.profile varies, but it should be in the same directory as the nvcc executable itself.

This is a bit of a hack, as nvcc.profile is not intended for user configuration as per the nvcc manual, but it was the solution which worked best for me.

回答12:

CUDA is after some header modifications compatible with gcc4.7 and maybe higher version: https://www.udacity.com/wiki/cs344/troubleshoot_gcc47

回答13:

For people like me who get confused while using cmake, the FindCUDA.cmake script overrides some of the stuff from nvcc.profile. You can specify the nvcc host compiler by setting CUDA_HOST_COMPILER as per http://public.kitware.com/Bug/view.php?id=13674.

回答14:

I had to install the older versions of gcc, g++.

    sudo apt-get install gcc-4.4
    sudo apt-get install g++-4.4

Check that gcc-4.4 is in /usr/bin/, and same for g++ Then I could use the solution above:

    sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 /opt/cuda/bin/gcc
    sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-4.4 /opt/cuda/bin/g++

回答15:

In $CUDA_HOME/include/host_config.h, find lines like these (may slightly vary between different CUDA version):

//...
#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 9)

#error -- unsupported GNU version! gcc versions later than 4.9 are not supported!

#endif [> __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 9) <]
//...

Remove or change them matching your condition.

Note this method is potentially unsafe and may break your build. For example, gcc 5 uses C++11 as default, however this is not the case for nvcc as of CUDA 7.5. A workaround is to add

--Xcompiler="--std=c++98" for CUDA<=6.5

or

--std=c++11 for CUDA>=7.0.

回答16:

To compile the CUDA 8.0 examples on Ubuntu 16.10, I did:

sudo apt-get install gcc-5 g++-5
cd /path/to/NVIDIA_CUDA-8.0_Samples
# Find the path to the library (this should be in NVIDIA's Makefiles)
LIBLOC=`find /usr/lib -name "libnvcuvid.so.*" | head -n1 | perl -pe 's[/usr/lib/(nvidia-\d+)/.*][$1]'`
# Substitute that path into the makefiles for the hard-coded, incorrect one
find . -name "*.mk" | xargs perl -pi -e "s/nvidia-\d+/$LIBLOC/g"
# Make using the supported compiler
HOST_COMPILER=g++-5 make

This has the advantage of not modifying the whole system or making symlinks to just the binaries (that could cause library linking problems.)

回答17:

This solved my problem:

sudo rm /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc
sudo rm /usr/local/cuda/bin/g++
sudo apt install gcc-4.4 g++-4.4
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 /usr/local/cuda/bin/gcc
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/g++-4.4 /usr/local/cuda/bin/g++

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6622454/cuda-incompatible-with-my-gcc-version