问题
I want to execute mongo commands in shell script, e.g. in a script test.sh:
#!/bin/sh
mongo myDbName
db.mycollection.findOne()
show collections
When I execute this script via ./test.sh, then the connection to MongoDB is established, but the following commands are not executed.
How to execute other commands through shell script test.sh?
回答1:
You can also evaluate a command using the --eval flag, if it is just a single command.
mongo --eval "printjson(db.serverStatus())"
Please note: if you are using Mongo operators, starting with a $ sign, you'll want to surround the eval argument in single quotes to keep the shell from evaluating the operator as an environment variable:
mongo --eval 'db.mycollection.update({"name":"foo"},{$set:{"this":"that"}});' myDbName
Otherwise you may see something like this:
mongo --eval "db.test.update({\"name\":\"foo\"},{$set:{\"this\":\"that\"}});"
> E QUERY SyntaxError: Unexpected token :
回答2:
Put your mongo script into a .js file.
Then execute mongo < yourFile.js
Ex:
demo.js //file has your script
use sample //db name
show collections
keep this file in "c:\db-scripts"
Then in cmd prompt go to "c:\db-scripts"
C:\db-scripts>mongo < demo.js
This will execute the code in mongo and shows the output
C:\db-scripts>mongo < demo.js
Mongo shell version: 3.0.4
Connecting to: test
switched to db sample
users //collection name
tasks //collection name
bye
C:\db-scripts>
回答3:
This works for me under Linux:
mongo < script.js
回答4:
Put this in a file called test.js:
db.mycollection.findOne()
db.getCollectionNames().forEach(function(collection) {
print(collection);
});
then run it with mongo myDbName test.js.
回答5:
There is an official documentation page about this as well.
Examples from that page include:
mongo server:27017/dbname --quiet my_commands.js
mongo test --eval "printjson(db.getCollectionNames())"
回答6:
The shell script below also worked nicely for me... definite had to use the redirect that Antonin mentioned at first... that gave me the idea to test the here document.
function testMongoScript {
mongo <<EOF
use mydb
db.leads.findOne()
db.leads.find().count()
EOF
}
回答7:
In my setup I have to use:
mongo --host="the.server.ip:port" databaseName theScript.js
回答8:
I use the "heredoc" syntax, which David Young mentions. But there is a catch:
#!/usr/bin/sh
mongo <db> <<EOF
db.<collection>.find({
fieldName: { $exists: true }
})
.forEach( printjson );
EOF
The above will NOT work, because the phrase "$exists" will be seen by the shell and substituted with the value of the environment variable named "exists." Which, likely, doesn't exist, so after shell expansion, it becomes:
#!/usr/bin/sh
mongo <db> <<EOF
db.<collection>.find({
fieldName: { : true }
})
.forEach( printjson );
EOF
In order to have it pass through you have two options. One is ugly, one is quite nice. First, the ugly one: escape the $ signs:
#!/usr/bin/sh
mongo <db> <<EOF
db.<collection>.find({
fieldName: { \$exists: true }
})
.forEach( printjson );
EOF
I do NOT recommend this, because it is easy to forget to escape.
The other option is to escape the EOF, like this:
#!/usr/bin/sh
mongo <db> <<\EOF
db.<collection>.find({
fieldName: { $exists: true }
})
.forEach( printjson );
EOF
Now, you can put all the dollar signs you want in your heredoc, and the dollar signs are ignored. The down side: That doesn't work if you need to put shell parameters/variables in your mongo script.
Another option you can play with is to mess with your shebang. For example,
#!/bin/env mongo
<some mongo stuff>
There are several problems with this solution:
It only works if you are trying to make a mongo shell script executable from the command line. You can't mix regular shell commands with mongo shell commands. And all you save by doing so is not having to type "mongo" on the command line... (reason enough, of course)
It functions exactly like "mongo <some-js-file>" which means it does not let you use the "use <db>" command.
I have tried adding the database name to the shebang, which you would think would work. Unfortunately, the way the system processes the shebang line, everything after the first space is passed as a single parameter (as if quoted) to the env command, and env fails to find and run it.
Instead, you have to embed the database change within the script itself, like so:
#!/bin/env mongo
db = db.getSiblingDB('<db>');
<your script>
As with anything in life, "there is more than one way to do it!"
回答9:
In case you have authentication enabled:
mongo -u username -p password --authenticationDatabase auth_db_name < your_script.js
回答10:
Create a script file; write commands:
#!/bin/sh
mongo < file.js
In file.js write your mongo query:
db.collection.find({"myValue":null}).count();
回答11:
How about this:
echo "db.mycollection.findOne()" | mongo myDbName
echo "show collections" | mongo myDbName
回答12:
As suggested by theTuxRacer, you can use the eval command, for those who are missing it like I was, you can also add in your db name if you are not trying to preform operation on the default db.
mongo <dbname> --eval "printjson(db.something.find())"
回答13:
Thank you printf! In a Linux environment, here's a better way to have only one file run the show. Say you have two files, mongoCmds.js with multiple commands:
use someDb
db.someColl.find()
and then the driver shell file, runMongoCmds.sh
mongo < mongoCmds.js
Instead, have just one file, runMongoCmds.sh containing
printf "use someDb\ndb.someColl.find()" | mongo
Bash's printf is much more robust than echo and allows for the \n between commands to force them on multiple lines.
回答14:
mongo <<EOF
use <db_name>
db.getCollection("<collection_name>").find({})
EOF
回答15:
In my case, I can conveniently use \n as separator for the next mongo command I want to execute then pipe them to mongo
echo $'use your_db\ndb.yourCollection.find()' | mongo
回答16:
--shell flag can also be used for javascript files
mongo --shell /path/to/jsfile/test.js
回答17:
mongo db_name --eval "db.user_info.find().forEach(function(o) {print(o._id);})"
回答18:
If you want to handle it with one line it's an easy way.
file.sh --> db.EXPECTED_COLLECTION.remove("_id":1234)
cat file.sh | mongo <EXPECTED_COLLECTION>
回答19:
Recently migrated from mongodb to Postgres. This is how I used the scripts.
mongo < scripts.js > inserts.sql
Read the scripts.js and output redirect to inserts.sql.
scripts.js looks like this
use myDb;
var string = "INSERT INTO table(a, b) VALUES";
db.getCollection('collectionName').find({}).forEach(function (object) {
string += "('" + String(object.description) + "','" + object.name + "'),";
});
print(string.substring(0, string.length - 1), ";");
inserts.sql looks like this
INSERT INTO table(a, b) VALUES('abc', 'Alice'), ('def', 'Bob'), ('ghi', 'Claire');
回答20:
I wrote up the various options for Running a Mongo Shell Script from within a larger Bash script
回答21:
Single shell script solution with ability to pass mongo arguments (--quiet, dbname, etc):
#!/usr/bin/env -S mongo --quiet localhost:27017/test
cur = db.myCollection.find({});
while(cur.hasNext()) {
printjson(cur.next());
}
The -S flag might not work on all platforms.
回答22:
When using a replicaset, writes must be done on the PRIMARY, so I usually use syntax like this which avoids having to figure out which host is the master:
mongo -host myReplicaset/anyKnownReplica
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4837673/how-to-execute-mongo-commands-through-shell-scripts