问题
How do I convert a byte array into a string?
I have found these functions that do the reverse:
function string2Bin(s) {
var b = new Array();
var last = s.length;
for (var i = 0; i < last; i++) {
var d = s.charCodeAt(i);
if (d < 128)
b[i] = dec2Bin(d);
else {
var c = s.charAt(i);
alert(c + ' is NOT an ASCII character');
b[i] = -1;
}
}
return b;
}
function dec2Bin(d) {
var b = '';
for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
b = (d%2) + b;
d = Math.floor(d/2);
}
return b;
}
But how do I get the functions working the other way?
Thanks.
Shao
回答1:
You need to parse each octet back to number, and use that value to get a character, something like this:
function bin2String(array) {
var result = "";
for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
result += String.fromCharCode(parseInt(array[i], 2));
}
return result;
}
bin2String(["01100110", "01101111", "01101111"]); // "foo"
// Using your string2Bin function to test:
bin2String(string2Bin("hello world")) === "hello world";
Edit: Yes, your current string2Bin can be written more shortly:
function string2Bin(str) {
var result = [];
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
result.push(str.charCodeAt(i).toString(2));
}
return result;
}
But by looking at the documentation you linked, I think that the setBytesParameter method expects that the blob array contains the decimal numbers, not a bit string, so you could write something like this:
function string2Bin(str) {
var result = [];
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
result.push(str.charCodeAt(i));
}
return result;
}
function bin2String(array) {
return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, array);
}
string2Bin('foo'); // [102, 111, 111]
bin2String(string2Bin('foo')) === 'foo'; // true
回答2:
Simply apply your byte array to String.fromCharCode. For example
String.fromCharCode.apply(null, [102, 111, 111])
equals 'foo'.
Caveat: works for arrays shorter than 65535. MDN docs here.
回答3:
Try the new Text Encoding API:
// create an array view of some valid bytes
let bytesView = new Uint8Array([104, 101, 108, 108, 111]);
console.log(bytesView);
// convert bytes to string
// encoding can be specfied, defaults to utf-8 which is ascii.
let str = new TextDecoder().decode(bytesView);
console.log(str);
// convert string to bytes
// encoding can be specfied, defaults to utf-8 which is ascii.
let bytes2 = new TextEncoder().encode(str);
// look, they're the same!
console.log(bytes2);
console.log(bytesView);回答4:
That string2Bin can be written even more succinctly, and without any loops, to boot!
function string2Bin ( str ) {
return str.split("").map( function( val ) {
return val.charCodeAt( 0 );
} );
}
回答5:
I think this would be more efficient:
function toBinString (arr) {
var uarr = new Uint8Array(arr.map(function(x){return parseInt(x,2)}));
var strings = [], chunksize = 0xffff;
// There is a maximum stack size. We cannot call String.fromCharCode with as many arguments as we want
for (var i=0; i*chunksize < uarr.length; i++){
strings.push(String.fromCharCode.apply(null, uarr.subarray(i*chunksize, (i+1)*chunksize)));
}
return strings.join('');
}
回答6:
This should work:
String.fromCharCode(...array);
Or
String.fromCodePoint(...array)
回答7:
String to byte array: "FooBar".split('').map(c => c.charCodeAt(0));
Byte array to string: [102, 111, 111, 98, 97, 114].map(c => String.fromCharCode(c)).join('');
回答8:
Even if I'm a bit late, I thought it would be interesting for future users to share some one-liners implementations I did using ES6.
One thing that I consider important depending on your environment or/and what you will do with with the data is to preserve the full byte value. For example, (5).toString(2) will give you 101, but the complete binary conversion is in reality 00000101, and that's why you might need to create a leftPad implementation to fill the string byte with leading zeros. But you may not need it at all, like other answers demonstrated.
If you run the below code snippet, you'll see the first output being the conversion of the abc string to a byte array and right after that the re-transformation of said array to it's corresponding string.
// For each byte in our array, retrieve the char code value of the binary value
const binArrayToString = array => array.map(byte => String.fromCharCode(parseInt(byte, 2))).join('')
// Basic left pad implementation to ensure string is on 8 bits
const leftPad = str => str.length < 8 ? (Array(8).join('0') + str).slice(-8) : str
// For each char of the string, get the int code and convert it to binary. Ensure 8 bits.
const stringToBinArray = str => str.split('').map(c => leftPad(c.charCodeAt().toString(2)))
const array = stringToBinArray('abc')
console.log(array)
console.log(binArrayToString(array))回答9:
Didn't find any solution that would work with UTF-8 characters. String.fromCharCode is good until you meet 2 byte character.
For example Hüser will come as [0x44,0x61,0x6e,0x69,0x65,0x6c,0x61,0x20,0x48,0xc3,0xbc,0x73,0x65,0x72]
But if you go through it with String.fromCharCode you will have Hüser as each byte will be converted to a char separately.
Solution
Currently I'm using following solution:
function pad(n) { return (n.length < 2 ? '0' + n : n); }
function decodeUtf8(data) {
return decodeURIComponent(
data.map(byte => ('%' + pad(byte.toString(16)))).join('')
);
}
回答10:
I had some decrypted byte arrays with padding characters and other stuff I didn't need, so I did this (probably not perfect, but it works for my limited use)
var junk = String.fromCharCode.apply(null, res).split('').map(char => char.charCodeAt(0) <= 127 && char.charCodeAt(0) >= 32 ? char : '').join('');
回答11:
Too late to answer but if your input is in form of ASCII bytes, then you could try this solution:
function convertArrToString(rArr){
//Step 1: Convert each element to character
let tmpArr = new Array();
rArr.forEach(function(element,index){
tmpArr.push(String.fromCharCode(element));
});
//Step 2: Return the string by joining the elements
return(tmpArr.join(""));
}
function convertArrToHexNumber(rArr){
return(parseInt(convertArrToString(rArr),16));
}
回答12:
If your array is encoded in UTF-8 and you can't use the TextDecoder API because it is not supported on IE:
- You can use the FastestSmallestTextEncoderDecoder polyfill recommended by the Mozilla Developer Network website;
- You can use this function also provided at the MDN website:
function utf8ArrayToString(aBytes) {
var sView = "";
for (var nPart, nLen = aBytes.length, nIdx = 0; nIdx < nLen; nIdx++) {
nPart = aBytes[nIdx];
sView += String.fromCharCode(
nPart > 251 && nPart < 254 && nIdx + 5 < nLen ? /* six bytes */
/* (nPart - 252 << 30) may be not so safe in ECMAScript! So...: */
(nPart - 252) * 1073741824 + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 24) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 18) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 12) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 6) + aBytes[++nIdx] - 128
: nPart > 247 && nPart < 252 && nIdx + 4 < nLen ? /* five bytes */
(nPart - 248 << 24) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 18) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 12) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 6) + aBytes[++nIdx] - 128
: nPart > 239 && nPart < 248 && nIdx + 3 < nLen ? /* four bytes */
(nPart - 240 << 18) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 12) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 6) + aBytes[++nIdx] - 128
: nPart > 223 && nPart < 240 && nIdx + 2 < nLen ? /* three bytes */
(nPart - 224 << 12) + (aBytes[++nIdx] - 128 << 6) + aBytes[++nIdx] - 128
: nPart > 191 && nPart < 224 && nIdx + 1 < nLen ? /* two bytes */
(nPart - 192 << 6) + aBytes[++nIdx] - 128
: /* nPart < 127 ? */ /* one byte */
nPart
);
}
return sView;
}
let str = utf8ArrayToString([50,72,226,130,130,32,43,32,79,226,130,130,32,226,135,140,32,50,72,226,130,130,79]);
// Must show 2H₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2H₂O
console.log(str);来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3195865/converting-byte-array-to-string-in-javascript