String format: Start scientific notation with 0. for positive number, with -. for negative number

问题

I want to format a list of numbers with a fixed exponential format:

0.xxxxxxxxxxxxEsee

If the number is negative, the 0 should be substituted with a 0:

-.xxxxxxxxxxxxEsee

Can I accomplish this with a format string? E.g.

output.write('{:+016.10E}{:+016.10E}{:+016.10E}\n'.format(a,b,c))

works nice, but does not fullfil the drop-the-zero requirement and also does give a leading 0..

An example output would be

-.704411727284E+00-.166021493805E-010.964452299466E-020.229380762349E-07
-.103417103118E-05-.269314547877E-040.140398741573E-020.000000000000E+00
0.000000000000E+00-.704410110737E+00-.166019042695E-010.964139641580E-02
-.196412061468E-070.125311265867E-050.269427086293E-04-.140464403693E-02
0.000000000000E+000.000000000000E+00-.496237902548E-020.505395880357E-03
-.332217159196E-02-.192047286272E-030.139005979401E-02-.146291733047E-03
0.947012666403E-030.000000000000E+000.000000000000E+00-.496237514486E-02
0.505449126498E-03-.332395118617E-020.192048881658E-03-.139035528110E-02

回答1:

How about this?

import re

# "fix" a number in exponential format
def fixexp(foo):
  # shift the decimal point
  foo = re.sub(r"(\d)\.", r".\1", foo)
  # add 0 for positive numbers
  foo = re.sub(r" \.",    r"0.",  foo)
  # increase exponent by 1
  exp = re.search(r"E([+-]\d+)", foo)
  newexp = "E{:+03}".format(int(exp.group(1))+1)
  foo = re.sub(r"E([+-]\d+)", newexp, foo)
  return foo

nums = [ -0.704411727284, -1.66021493805, 0.00964452299466, 0.0000000229380762349, -0.00000103417103118, -0.0000269314547877, 0.00140398741573 ]

# print the numbers in rows of 4
line = ""
for i in range(len(nums)):
  num = "{:18.11E}".format(nums[i])
  num = fixexp(num)
  line += num
  if (i%4 == 3 or i == len(nums)-1):
    print line
    line = ""

output:

-.704411727284E+00-.166021493805E+010.964452299466E-020.229380762349E-07
-.103417103118E-05-.269314547877E-040.140398741573E-02

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13031636/string-format-start-scientific-notation-with-0-for-positive-number-with-fo

标签

python

string-formatting