Spring @ContextConfiguration

问题

I am running the next test:

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml" })
public class FloorServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private FloorService floorService;

    @Test
    public void testFloorService() {

        floorService.findById((long)1);

    }
}

With the file applicationContext.xml under the folder /APP/src/main/resources/META-INF/spring/

But it seems not to Autowire correctly the bean:

  org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.confloorapp.services.FloorServiceTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.confloorapp.services.FloorService com.confloorapp.services.FloorServiceTest.floorService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.confloorapp.services.FloorService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

回答1:

Try

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml" })

Honestly I would step away from the xml and go this route. Change

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml" })

@ContextConfiguration(classes = { FloorServiceTestConfig.class })

And create the about class

@Configuration
public class FloorServiceTestConfig
{
    @Bean
    public FloorService floorService()
    {
          return new FloorService();
    }
}

This way when you need to mock your beans for class you're not testing it looks like below

@Configuration
public class FloorServiceTestConfig
{
    @Bean
    public FloorService floorService()
    {
          return Mockito.mock(FloorService.class);
    }
}

回答2:

The idea of @Configuration given above works nice. But for that you have to annotate your classes with @Configuration. This is not a nice idea when it comes to testing offline i.e when in your organisation test cases are not executed at built time. In that case going by @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml" }) will be a nice idea.

For using this method, take care of the following:

Check your classpath in .classpath file of your project.
If you cannot write the path of applicationContext relative to classpath.

You can have one more file as applicationContextTest folder kept in your test case folder and then one can use @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContextTest.xml"})

回答3:

In your case you should use:

@ContextConfiguration(locations = "file:src/main/resources/META-INF/spring/applicationContext.xml")

Another hint, I see that you use your production applicationContext.xml in your test environment, IMHO it's not a good practice, try use a specific one for testing like applicationContext-test.xml, so you can play with your test context without hurting your production environment.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23618039/spring-contextconfiguration

标签

java

Spring

unit-testing

spring-mvc

junit4