How to set wsgi.url_scheme to https in bottle?

问题

I want to redirect all requests to http to https.

Is there a generic approach to setting wsgi.url_scheme to https in a Python 2.7 bottle application?

The general structure of the application is:

setup.py  // contains 'install_requires'  
wsgi  
 - myapplication.py  // the custom application containing bottle routes

wsgi.url_scheme seems to be related to environment variables:

http://wsgi.readthedocs.org/en/latest/definitions.html#envvar-wsgi.url_scheme

But I'm not sure how to actually 'set' the environment variable to https and whether it can be done in the setup.py or myapplication.py files.

There is a snippet of code here:

https://github.com/defnull/bottle/issues/347

def i_am_https_dammit(app):
    def https_app(environ, start_response):
        environ['wsgi.url_scheme'] = 'https'
        return app(environ, start_response)
    return https_app

But I don't know how I could implement the gist of this, as my call to the application is from cork and just uses:

application=default_app()  
session_opts = {
    'session.cookie_expires': True,
    'session.encrypt_key': 'please use a random key and keep it secret!',
    'session.httponly': True,
    'session.timeout': 3600 * 24,  # 1 day
    'session.type': 'cookie',
    'session.validate_key': True,
}
application = SessionMiddleware(application, session_opts)

回答1:

Forgive me if I'm not understanding your question, but why not just install a simple redirect plugin for your Bottle app? Something like this:

import bottle

app = bottle.app()

def redirect_http_to_https(callback):
    '''Bottle plugin that redirects all http requests to https'''

    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        scheme = bottle.request.urlparts[0]
        if scheme == 'http':
            # request is http; redirect to https
            bottle.redirect(bottle.request.url.replace('http', 'https', 1))
        else:
            # request is already https; okay to proceed
            return callback(*args, **kwargs)
    return wrapper

bottle.install(redirect_http_to_https)

@bottle.route('/hello')
def hello():
    return 'hello\n'

bottle.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8080)

Tested with curl:

% 05:57:03 !3000 ~>curl -v 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello'
* Connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET /hello HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.30.0
> Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
> Accept: */*
>
* HTTP 1.0, assume close after body
< HTTP/1.0 303 See Other
< Date: Sun, 01 Dec 2013 10:57:16 GMT
< Server: WSGIServer/0.1 Python/2.7.5
< Content-Length: 0
< Location: https://127.0.0.1:8080/hello
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

For details on how plugins work, see the Bottle docs.

Briefly, this plugin works by intercepting all requests and checking the protocol ("scheme"). If the scheme is "http", the plugin instructs Bottle to return an HTTP redirect to the corresponding secure (https) URL.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20309853/how-to-set-wsgi-url-scheme-to-https-in-bottle

标签

python-2.7

https

wsgi

bottle

openshift