Find manager in a comma-separated list

问题

I have a Projects table with ID and Responsible manager. The Responsible manager columns has values as John,Jim for Project 1 and Jim,Julie for Project 2.

But if I pass Jim to my stored procedure I should get 2 projects (1,2). This returns no rows because the column is John,Jim but SQL Server is looking for ='Jim':

 select distinct ID,Manager from Projects where Manager=@Manager

回答1:

WHERE ',' + Manager + ',' LIKE '%,Jim,%'

Or I suppose to match your actual code:

WHERE ',' + Manager + ',' LIKE '%,' + @Manager + ',%'

Note that your design is extremely flawed. There is no reason you should be storing names in this table at all, never mind a comma-separated list of any data points. These facts are important on their own, so treat them that way!

CREATE TABLE dbo.Managers
(
  ManagerID INT PRIMARY KEY,
  Name NVARCHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE, ...
);

CREATE TABLE dbo.Projects
(
  ProjectID INT PRIMARY KEY,
  Name NVARCHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE, ...
);

CREATE TABLE dbo.ProjectManagers
(
  ProjectID INT NOT NULL FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES dbo.Projects(ProjectID),
  ManagerID INT NOT NULL FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES dbo.Managers(ManagerID)
);

Now to set up the sample data you mentioned:

INSERT dbo.Managers(ManagerID, Name)
  VALUES(1,N'John'),(2,N'Jim'),(3,N'Julie');

INSERT dbo.Projects(ProjectID, Name)
  VALUES(1,N'Project 1'),(2,N'Project 2');

INSERT dbo.ProjectManagers(ProjectID,ManagerID)
  VALUES(1,1),(1,2),(2,2),(2,3);

Now to find all the projects Jim is managing:

DECLARE @Manager NVARCHAR(32) = N'Jim';

SELECT p.ProjectID, p.Name
  FROM dbo.Projects AS p
  INNER JOIN dbo.ProjectManagers AS pm
  ON p.ProjectID = pm.ProjectID
  INNER JOIN dbo.Managers AS m
  ON pm.ManagerID = m.ManagerID
  WHERE m.name = @Manager;

Or you can even manually short circuit a bit:

DECLARE @Manager NVARCHAR(32) = N'Jim';


DECLARE @ManagerID INT;
SELECT @ManagerID = ManagerID
  FROM dbo.Managers
  WHERE Name = @Manager;

SELECT p.ProjectID, p.Name
  FROM dbo.Projects AS p
  INNER JOIN dbo.ProjectManagers AS pm
  ON p.ProjectID = pm.ProjectID
  WHERE pm.ManagerID = @ManagerID;

Or even more:

DECLARE @Manager NVARCHAR(32) = N'Jim';


DECLARE @ManagerID INT;
SELECT @ManagerID = ManagerID
  FROM dbo.Managers
  WHERE Name = @Manager;

SELECT ProjectID, Name
  FROM dbo.Projects AS p
  WHERE EXISTS 
  (
    SELECT 1 
      FROM dbo.ProjectManagers AS pm
      WHERE pm.ProjectID = p.ProjectID
      AND pm.ManagerID = @ManagerID
  );

As an aside, I really, really, really hope the DISTINCT in your original query is unnecessary. Do you really have more than one project with the same name and ID?

回答2:

In a WHERE clasue a = operator looks for an exact match. You can use a LIKE with wildcards for a partial match.

where Manager LIKE '%Jim%'

回答3:

You may try the following:

SELECT DISTINCT 
    ID,
    Manager 
FROM 
    Projects 
WHERE 
    (
     (Manager LIKE @Manager + ',*') OR
     (Manager LIKE '*,' + @Manager) OR
     (Manager  = @Manager) 
    )

That should cover both names and surnames, while still searching for literal values. Performance can be a problem however, depending on table

回答4:

please tried with below query

select distinct ID,Manager from Projects where replace('#$#' + Manager + '#$#', ',', '#$#') like '%Jim%'

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18136059/find-manager-in-a-comma-separated-list