Parsing XML using Python ElementTree

问题

I have an XML document in the following format

<root>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The quick</F>
    <F LV="1">brown</F>
    <F LV="2">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The lazy</F>
    <F LV="1">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
</root>

How can I extract the text from 'D' inside H tag and also all the text inside the F tags.

回答1:

From ElementTree docs:

We can import this data by reading from a file:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('country_data.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

Or directly from a string:

root = ET.fromstring(country_data_as_string)

and later in the same page, 20.5.1.4. Finding interesting elements:

for neighbor in root.iter('neighbor'):
    print(neighbor.attrib)

Which translate to:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

root = ET.fromstring("""
<root>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The quick</F>
    <F LV="1">brown</F>
    <F LV="2">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The lazy</F>
    <F LV="1">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
</root>""")
# root = tree.getroot()
for h in root.iter("H"):
    print (h.attrib["D"])
for f in root.iter("F"):
    print (f.attrib, f.text)

output:

14/11/2017
14/11/2017
{'LV': '0'} The quick
{'LV': '1'} brown
{'LV': '2'} fox
{'LV': '0'} The lazy
{'LV': '1'} fox

回答2:

You did not specifiy what exactly you whant to use so i recommend lxml for python. For getting the values you whant you have more possibiltys:

With a loop:

from lxml import etree
tree = etree.parse('XmlTest.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
text = []
for element in root:
   text.append(element.get('D',None))
     for child in element:
       for grandchild in child:
         text.append(grandchild.text)
print(text)

Output: ['14/11/2017', 'The quick', 'brown', 'fox', '14/11/2017', 'The lazy', 'fox']

With xpath:

from lxml import etree
tree = etree.parse('XmlTest.xml')
root = tree.getroot() 
D = root.xpath("./H")
F = root.xpath(".//F")

for each in D:
  print(each.get('D',None))

for each in F:
  print(each.text)

Output: 14/11/2017 14/11/2017 The quick brown fox The lazy fox

Both have there own advantages but give you a good starting point. I recommend the xpath since it gives you more freedom when values are missing.

回答3:

This should help you

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
data='''
<root>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The quick</F>
    <F LV="1">brown</F>
    <F LV="2">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
<H D="14/11/2017">
<FC>
    <F LV="0">The lazy</F>
    <F LV="1">fox</F>
</FC>
</H>
</root>
'''
#list created to store data
D_data=[]
F_data=[]

#data parsed
root= ET.XML(data)

#This will get the value of D
for sub in root:
    b=(sub.attrib.get('D'))
    D_data.append(b)

#This will get all the text for F tag in xml
for f in root.iter("F"):
    b=f.text
    #print f.tag,f.attrib,f.text
    F_data.append(b)

print D_data
print F_data

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47280129/parsing-xml-using-python-elementtree

标签

python

xml

elementtree