Use Javascript / JQuery to dynamically create multiple HTML buttons with different click event handlers

问题

I am trying to use Javascript / JQuery to dynamically create several HTML buttons, each of which does something different when it is clicked.

My first attempt looked like this:

function myFunc( target_div, num_buttons ) {
    var buttons="";
    for ( var i=0; i<num_buttons; i++ ) {
        buttons += '<input type="button" id="button_'+i+'" value="button_'+i+'"></input>';
    }
    target_div.html( buttons );
    var doButtonPress = function( i ) {
        alert( i ); // I actually do something more complicated here, but it's not important now
    }
    for ( var i=0; i<num_buttons; i++ ) {
        $('#button_'+i).click( function() { doButtonPress(i); } );
    }
}

Unfortunately this doesn't work because (I think) when the click event happens, doButtonPress is always passed the current value of i in myFunc's scope, not - as I intended - the value i had when the click event was defined. Thus the value passed to doButtonPress is always equal to num_buttons regardless of which button is pressed. So I then tried this instead:

$('#button_'+i).click( new Function( "doButtonPress("+i+");" ) );

Unfortunately this doesn't work either - I get a message "ReferenceError: Can't find variable: returnResult". I assume that's because the Function constructor's arg value isn't parsed until the click event happens, and at that time I'm already outside of myFunc's scope so doButtonPress is undefined? Am I getting this right so far?

So ... what do I do? :-)

回答1:

Your code didn't work because of the scope of variable i which would be num_button always inside the handler. You can fix it by wrapping it inside a closure but how about simplifying it by adding a class and making use of the id of the button.

function myFunc( target_div, num_buttons ) {
    var buttons="";
    for ( var i=0; i<num_buttons; i++ ) {
        //                             added class ----------------v
        buttons += '<input type="button" id="button_'+i+'" class="mybuttons" value="button_'+i+'"></input>';
    }
    target_div.html( buttons );
    var doButtonPress = function( i ) {
        alert( i ); // I actually do something more complicated here, but it's not important now
    }

    //yes, mybuttons exist 
    $('.mybuttons').click(function () {
         doButtonPress(this.id.replace('button_', ''));
         //this.id.replace('button_', '') <- returns i value
    });
}

回答2:

My suggestion would be to assign a data attribute to each button which can then be read when the button is clicked. This will then avoid the need for unnecessary (and ugly) incremental id attributes. Something like this:

function myFunc($target_div, num_buttons) {
    var buttons = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < num_buttons; i++) {
        buttons.push($('<input type="button" class="button" data-id="' + i + '" value="button ' + i + '" />'));
    }
    $target_div.append(buttons);

    var doButtonPress = function() {
        alert($(this).data('id'));
    }

    $(".button").click(doButtonPress);
}

Example fiddle

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13199225/use-javascript-jquery-to-dynamically-create-multiple-html-buttons-with-differe