Python Multiprocessing error: AttributeError: module '__main__' has no attribute '__spec__'

问题

I'm using Python 3.6 and am trying to follow along with the very first example at the website below (full code also below) and am getting the below error: https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/multiprocessing.html

Error message: AttributeError: module '__main__' has no attribute '__spec__'

Full example code:

from multiprocessing import Pool

def f(x):
    return x*x

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with Pool(5) as p:
        print(p.map(f, [1, 2, 3]))

I tried Googling it and searching Stack Overflow but I've only found one other case of this error and it did not have an answer.

回答1:

The problem is not with the code / Python 3.6, it is with Spyder.

After some investigation I found that the code runs fine when executed in an external system terminal but not when run in Spyder's IPython console.

I was able to dump the contents of spec and assign them to a variable that was included inside main to allow this code to function within the IPython console.

from multiprocessing import Pool

def f(x):
    return x*x

if __name__ == '__main__':
    __spec__ = "ModuleSpec(name='builtins', loader=<class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>)"
    with Pool(5) as p:
       print (p.map(f, [1, 2, 3]))

回答2:

the same probelm in Spyder (Anaconda3, python 3.6) when I try the external terminal. Error message: AttributeError: module 'main' has no attribute 'spec'

I changed the Run console to 'Excute in current console', and applied it. then if that doesnot work, try other conselor and then change back to 'Excute in current console'. Finally, it works. no 'spec = None' is needed.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45720153/python-multiprocessing-error-attributeerror-module-main-has-no-attribute