问题
In our company, our clients perform various activities that we log in different tables - Interview attendance, Course Attendance, and other general activities. I have a database view that unions data from all of these tables giving us the ActivityView that looks like this. As you can see some activities overlap - for example while attending an interview, a client may have been performing a CV update activity.
+----------------------+---------------+---------------------+-------------------+
| activity_client_id | activity_type | activity_start_date | activity_end_date |
+----------------------+---------------+---------------------+-------------------+
| 112 | Interview | 2015-06-01 09:00 | 2015-06-01 11:00 |
| 112 | CV updating | 2015-06-01 09:30 | 2015-06-01 11:30 |
| 112 | Course | 2015-06-02 09:00 | 2015-06-02 16:00 |
| 112 | Interview | 2015-06-03 09:00 | 2015-06-03 10:00 |
+----------------------+---------------+---------------------+-------------------+
Each client has a "Sign Up Date", recorded on the client table, which is when they joined our programme. Here it is for our sample client:
+-----------+---------------------+
| client_id | client_sign_up_date |
+-----------+---------------------+
| 112 | 2015-05-20 |
+-----------+---------------------+
I need to create a report that will show the following columns:
+-----------+---------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| client_id | client_sign_up_date | date_client_completed_5_hours_of_activity |
+-----------+---------------------+--------------------------------------------+
We need this report in order to see how effective our programme is. An important aim of the programme is that we get every client to complete at least 5 hours of activity as quickly as possible. So this report will tell us how long from sign up does it take each client to achieve this figure.
What makes this even trickier is that when we calculate 5 hours of total activity, we must discount overlapping activities:
In the sample data above the client attended an interview between 09:00 and 11:00.
On the same day they also performed CV updating activity from 09:30 to 11:30.
For our calculation, this would give them total activity for the day of 2.5 hours (150 minutes) - we would only count 30 minutes of the CV updating as the Interview overlaps it up to 11:00.
So the report for our sample client would give the following result:
+-----------+---------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| client_id | client_sign_up_date | date_client_completed_5_hours_of_activity |
+-----------+---------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| 112 | 2015-05-20 | 2015-06-02 |
+-----------+---------------------+--------------------------------------------+
So my question is how can I create the report using a select statement ? I can work out how to do this by writing a stored procedure that will loop through the view and write the result to a report table. But I would much prefer to avoid a stored procedure and have a select statement that will give me the report on the fly.
I am using SQL Server 2005.
回答1:
This is one way to do it:
;WITH CTErn AS (
SELECT activity_client_id, activity_type,
activity_start_date, activity_end_date,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY activity_client_id
ORDER BY activity_start_date) AS rn
FROM activities
),
CTEdiff AS (
SELECT c1.activity_client_id, c1.activity_type,
x.activity_start_date, c1.activity_end_date,
DATEDIFF(mi, x.activity_start_date, c1.activity_end_date) AS diff,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY c1.activity_client_id
ORDER BY x.activity_start_date) AS seq
FROM CTErn AS c1
LEFT JOIN CTErn AS c2 ON c1.rn = c2.rn + 1
CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE
WHEN c1.activity_start_date < c2.activity_end_date
THEN c2.activity_end_date
ELSE c1.activity_start_date
END) x(activity_start_date)
)
SELECT TOP 1 client_id, client_sign_up_date, activity_start_date,
hoursOfActivicty
FROM CTEdiff AS c1
INNER JOIN clients AS c2 ON c1.activity_client_id = c2.client_id
CROSS APPLY (SELECT SUM(diff) / 60.0
FROM CTEdiff AS c3
WHERE c3.seq <= c1.seq) x(hoursOfActivicty)
WHERE hoursOfActivicty >= 5
ORDER BY seq
Common Table Expressions and ROW_NUMBER() were introduced with SQL Server 2005, so the above query should work for that version.
Demo here
The first CTE, i.e. CTErn, produces the following output:
client_id activity_type start_date end_date rn
112 Interview 2015-06-01 09:00 2015-06-01 11:00 1
112 CV updating 2015-06-01 09:30 2015-06-01 11:30 2
112 Course 2015-06-02 09:00 2015-06-02 16:00 3
112 Interview 2015-06-03 09:00 2015-06-03 10:00 4
The second CTE, i.e. CTEdiff, uses the above table expression in order to calculate time difference for each record, taking into consideration any overlapps with the previous record:
client_id activity_type start_date end_date diff seq
112 Interview 2015-06-01 09:00 2015-06-01 11:00 120 1
112 CV updating 2015-06-01 11:00 2015-06-01 11:30 30 2
112 Course 2015-06-02 09:00 2015-06-02 16:00 420 3
112 Interview 2015-06-03 09:00 2015-06-03 10:00 60 4
The final query calculates the cumulative sum of time difference and selects the first record that exceeds 5 hours of activity.
The above query will work for simple interval overlaps, i.e. when just the end date of an activity overlaps the start date of the next activity.
回答2:
See SQL Fiddle here.
with tbl as (
-- this will generate daily merged ovelaping time
select distinct
a.id
,(
select min(x.starttime)
from act x
where x.id=a.id and ( x.starttime between a.starttime and a.endtime
or a.starttime between x.starttime and x.endtime )
) start1
,(
select max(x.endtime)
from act x
where x.id=a.id and ( x.endtime between a.starttime and a.endtime
or a.endtime between x.starttime and x.endtime )
) end1
from act a
), tbl2 as
(
-- this will add minute and total minute column
select
*
,datediff(mi,t.start1,t.end1) mi
,(select sum(datediff(mi,x.start1,x.end1)) from tbl x where x.id=t.id and x.end1<=t.end1) totalmi
from tbl t
), tbl3 as
(
-- now final query showing starttime and endtime for 5 hours other wise null in case not completed 5(300 minutes) hours
select
t.id
,min(t.start1) starttime
,min(case when t.totalmi>300 then t.end1 else null end) endtime
from tbl2 t
group by t.id
)
-- final result
select *
from tbl3
where endtime is not null
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30641259/sql-server-cumulative-sum-on-overlapping-data-getting-date-that-sum-reaches