Extracting move only type from std::set

问题

I have a std::set<std::unique_ptr<T>> and I'd like to move it to a std::vector<std::unique_ptr<T>>

#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>

class C {};

int main()
{
  std::set<std::unique_ptr<const C>> s;
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<const C>> v;
  std::move(s.begin(), s.end(), std::back_inserter(v));
}

This gives the following error on VS2017:

error C2280: 'std::unique_ptr>::unique_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Ty,std::default_delete<_Ty>> &)': attempting to reference a deleted function

Can't we make move iterators to non-const variables from a std::set? What could be a viable solution to this problem?

回答1:

In order to extract move-only elements from a set, the only possibility is to use the extract method, which was added in C++17:

while (!s.empty())
    v.emplace_back(std::move(s.extract(s.begin()).value());

If you cannot use C++17, it is permissible to modify an element of a set (e.g. using mutable) only if you ensure that it retains the same position in the imposed ordering - that is, as long as it has the same result under your comparator when compared to all other members of the set. You can do this by providing a comparator that orders empty unique pointers before non-empty (note that the standard does not guarantee this) and erasing the modified element immediately after modifying it:

template<class T> struct MutableWrapper { mutable T value; };
template<class T> struct MutableWrapperCompare {
  bool operator()(MutableWrapper<T> const& lhs, MutableWrapper<T> const& rhs) {
    return lhs.value && rhs.value ? lhs.value < rhs.value : rhs.value;
  }
};

int main()
{
  std::set<MutableWrapper<std::unique_ptr<const C>>, MutableWrapperCompare<std::unique_ptr<const C>>> s;
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<const C>> v;
  while (!s.empty())
  {
    v.emplace_back(std::move(s.begin()->value));
    s.erase(s.begin());
  }
}

This is however rather ugly and dangerous; you would be better off using boost::container::set from Boost.Container, which has the C++17 extract method (since 1.62.0; it was undocumented, but this is just an oversight, note the corresponding extract methods are documented for map and multimap).

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45030932/extracting-move-only-type-from-stdset