std::thread c++. More threads same data

问题

Im using visual studio 2012 and c++11. I dont understand why this does not work:

void client_loop(bool &run)
{
    while ( run );
}

int main()
{
    bool running = true;
    std::thread t(&client_loop,std::ref(running));

    running = false ;
    t.join();
}

In this case, the loop of thread t never finishes but I explicity set running to false. run and running have the same location. I tried to set running as a single global variable but nothing happens. I tried to pass a pointer value too but nothing.

The threads use the same heap. I really don't understand. Can anyone help me?

回答1:

Your program has Undefined Behavior, because it introduces a data race on the running variable (one thread writes it, another thread reads it).

You should use a mutex to synchronize access, or make running an atomic<bool>:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <atomic>

void client_loop(std::atomic<bool> const& run)
{
    while (run.load());
}

int main()
{
    std::atomic<bool> running(true);
    std::thread t(&client_loop,std::ref(running));

    running = false ;
    t.join();

    std::cout << "Arrived";
}

See a working live example.

回答2:

The const probably doesn't affect the compiler's view of the code. In a single-threaded application, the value won't change (and this particular program is meaningless). In a multi-threaded application, since it's an atomic type, the compiler can't optimize out the load, so in fact there's no real issue here. It's really more a matter of style; since main modifies the value, and client_loop looks for that modification, it doesn't seem right to me to say that the value is const.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15329234/stdthread-c-more-threads-same-data