Custom form helpers

问题

Is there a way that I can create a custom form helper so that instead of:

special_field_tag :object, :method

I can achieve something like:

form.special_field :method

回答1:

Yes, you can add to the FormBuilder class and get access to the object passed into the form_for. I've done this for a lot of things: dates, times, measurements, etc. Heres an example:

class ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder
  include ActionView::Helpers::TagHelper
  include ActionView::Helpers::FormTagHelper
  include ActionView::Helpers::FormOptionsHelper
  include ActionView::Helpers::CaptureHelper
  include ActionView::Helpers::AssetTagHelper

  # Accepts an int and displays a smiley based on >, <, or = 0
  def smile_tag(method, options = {})
    value = @object.nil? ? 0 : @object.send(method).to_i
    options[:id] = field_id(method,options[:index])
    smiley = ":-|"
    if value > 0
      smiley = ":-)"
    elsif smiley < 0
       smiley = ":-("
    end
    return text_field_tag(field_name(method,options[:index]),options) + smiley
  end

  def field_name(label,index=nil)
    output = index ? "[#{index}]" : ''
    return @object_name + output + "[#{label}]"
  end

  def field_id(label,index=nil)
    output = index ? "_#{index}" : ''
    return @object_name + output + "_#{label}"
  end

end

Which you can use like this:

<% form_for @quiz do |f| %>
  <%= f.smile_tag(:score) %>
<% end %>

There are some instance variables created by Rails that you can access in these helper methods:

• @object - the model object specified by the form
• @object_name - the class name of the object
• @template - I think its an instance of the ActionView, you can possibly bypass all the includes I added by calling methods on the template. Haven't tried that yet.
• @options - options passed to the FormBuilder when its created by the form_for call

I wrote the field_id and field_name methods to create these attributes on the HTML input elements the same way the regular helpers do, I'm sure there is a way to tie into the same methods that Rails uses, but I haven't found it yet.

The sky is the limit on what you can do with these helper methods, they simply return strings. You can create entire HTML tables or pages in one, but you better have a good reason to.

This file should be added in the app/helpers folder

回答2:

@Tilendor, thanks so much for the pointers. Here is an example of an enum_select form tag helper that uses Rails 4.1 enums to automatically populate the options of a select tag:

# helpers/application_helper.rb
module ApplicationHelper
  class ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder
    # http://stackoverflow.com/a/2625727/1935918
    include ActionView::Helpers::FormTagHelper
    include ActionView::Helpers::FormOptionsHelper
    def enum_select(name, options = {})
      # select_tag "company[time_zone]", options_for_select(Company.time_zones
      #   .map { |value| [value[0].titleize, value[0]] }, selected: company.time_zone)
      select_tag @object_name + "[#{name}]", options_for_select(@object.class.send(name.to_s.pluralize)
        .map { |value| [value[0].titleize, value[0]] }, selected: @object.send(name))
    end
  end
end

The trickiest construct is @object.class.send(name.to_s.pluralize) which produces a hash of available values (e.g., Company.time_zones). Putting it in helpers/application_helper.rb makes it automatically available. It is used like:

<%= f.label :billing_status %>:
<%= f.enum_select :billing_status %><br />

回答3:

Our app was displaying phone numbers in text fields, and we wanted to omit the country code for domestic numbers. I was using form helpers. After reading this and rails source a bit, i came to this solution:

class ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder
  def phone_text_field name, options = {}
    value = object.public_send(name).to_s
    if value.start_with? "9" # national number
      value = value[1..-1]
      options["value"] = value
    end
    text_field name, options
  end
end

I put this on app/helpers/application_helper.rb and use it like i use text_field() helper. Hope this helps someone.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2623250/custom-form-helpers