Static files in a Bottle application cannot be found (404)

问题

I've reviewed all the questions here about this, reviewed the bottle tutorial, reviewed the bottle google group discussions, and AFAIK, I'm doing everything right. Somehow, though, I can't get my CSS file to load properly. I'm getting a 404 on the static file, that http://localhost:8888/todo/static/style.css is not found, which, according to the directory structure below, should not be the case. I'm using version 0.11 (unstable) of Bottle; is there anything I'm missing, or is this a bug in Bottle?

My directory structure:

todo/
   todo.py
   static/
      style.css

My todo.py:

import sqlite3
from bottle import Bottle, route, run, debug, template, request, validate, static_file, error, SimpleTemplate

# only needed when you run Bottle on mod_wsgi
from bottle import default_app
app = Bottle()
default_app.push(app)

appPath = '/Applications/MAMP/htdocs/todo/'


@app.route('/todo')
def todo_list():

    conn = sqlite3.connect(appPath + 'todo.db')
    c = conn.cursor()
    c.execute("SELECT id, task FROM todo WHERE status LIKE '1';")
    result = c.fetchall()
    c.close()

    output = template(appPath + 'make_table', rows=result, get_url=app.get_url)
    return output

@route('/static/:filename#.*#', name='css')
def server_static(filename):
    return static_file(filename, root='./static')

My html:

%#template to generate a HTML table from a list of tuples (or list of lists, or tuple of tuples or ...)
<head>
<link href="{{ get_url('css', filename='style.css') }}" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<p>The open items are as follows:</p>
<table border="1">
%for row in rows:
  <tr style="margin:15px;">
  %i = 0
  %for col in row:
    %if i == 0:
        <td>{{col}}</td>
    %else:
        <td>{{col}}</td>
    %end
    %i = i + 1
  %end
  <td><a href="/todo/edit/{{row[0]}}">Edit</a></td>
  </tr>
%end
</table>

回答1:

I don't quite understand your deployment. The /Applications/MAMP/htdocs/ path, along with the lack of app.run in your code, suggest that you're running this under Apache. Is it a production deployment? For dev tasks you are supposed to use Bottle's built-in dev server, you know. Add a single app.run() towards the end of your todo.py, and you're done.

Now if you are using Apache, the most probably root cause is this line: static_file(filename, root='./static'). With mod_wsgi, you are not guaranteed that the working directory is equal to the directory where your todo.py is placed. In fact, it will almost never be.

You are using absolute paths for the database and the template, do so for the static files:

@route('/static/:filename#.*#', name='css')
def server_static(filename):
    return static_file(filename, root=os.path.join(appPath, 'static'))

Next, I don't understand where your app is mounted. The URL http://localhost:8888/todo/static/style.css suggests that the mount point is /todo, but the route for the todo_list handler is again /todo. Is the full path supposed to be http://localhost/todo/todo? Does your app have a / handler?

I'd also suggest to avoid hard-coding paths and concat'ing the path fragments together. This would be cleaner:

from os.path import join, dirname
...
appPath = dirname(__file__)

@app.route('/todo')
def todo_list():
    conn = sqlite3.connect(join(appPath, 'todo.db'))
    ...

回答2:

It turns out that it had nothing to do with Bottle and everything to do with my wsgi file that loaded the application. I did not change my os.path to the correct path; it was pointing to the folder where the wsgi script was located. Obviously, there was no css file there. Once I corrected my directory in the sgi script, everything worked. In other words:

os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))

needed to be

os.chdir('Applications/MAMP/htdocs/todo')

because my wsgi script was in a different directory than the application itself (mod_wsgi recommends this approach). Thanks for all the help everyone!

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10885429/static-files-in-a-bottle-application-cannot-be-found-404

标签

python

bottle