PHP Heredoc String Rules

问题

Can someone here explore the intricacies of using heredoc in PHP using example php code snippets? , based on what the manual says below?

php.net manual says:

It is very important to note that the line with the closing identifier must contain no other characters, except possibly a semicolon (;). That means especially that the identifier may not be indented, and there may not be any spaces or tabs before or after the semicolon. It's also important to realize that the first character before the closing identifier must be a newline as defined by the local operating system. This is \n on UNIX systems, including Mac OS X. The closing delimiter (possibly followed by a semicolon) must also be followed by a newline.

If this rule is broken and the closing identifier is not "clean", it will not be considered a closing identifier, and PHP will continue looking for one. If a proper closing identifier is not found before the end of the current file, a parse error will result at the last line.

Heredocs can not be used for initializing class properties. Since PHP 5.3, this limitation is valid only for heredocs containing variables.

Here is the link to php manual: http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.types.string.php#language.types.string.syntax.heredoc

回答1:

this is a simple use:

$bar = "stackoverflowpro";
$foo = <<<HTML
<p>Hello $bar</p>
HTML;

回答2:

echo <<< _html

... some html code here ...

_html;

Important is that the closing tag is precisely the same as defined after the "<<<" and that the closing tag is placed without indent (no tabs, completely sticky to the left) and is closed by a ";".

Note: the "_" is not required, but I use it to indicate better that is a heredoc which is closing.

回答3:

The closing heredoc identifier MUST NOT have any characters at all between the start of line and the identifier, it MAY have a single ; IMMEDIATELY afterwards and MUST NOT have any other characters after it. If the identifier gets indented it must be treated as part of the heredoc string. The only character that may appear before the newline is ;. You can't even include any whitespace between the identifer and the ; or between the ; and the newline. This means that if you use a heredoc inside a function call, you must insert a line break just after the closing identifier (i.e. before any , or ), etc.).

In other words, the only thing that can appear on the line with the closing identifier is the identifier itself and optionally one semicolon (;) immediately after the identifier. The next chararcter (if not at End-Of-File) MUST be a valid newline character for the operating system that PHP is running on.

This is a valid heredoc string:

$text = <<<EOT
Hello!
EOT;

This heredoc string hasn't been closed and EOT; is considered part of the string:

  $text = <<<EOT
  Hello!
  EOT;

The previous example fixed:

  $text = <<<EOT
  Hello!
EOT;

A heredoc inside a function call (note that ); must appear on a new line to work):

print(<<<EOT
Hello!
EOT
);

The same as above with very weird indentation (note that the only thing on the closing identifier line is the identifier and a newline). Hello! will have five spaces before it in the string:

           print(<<<EOT
     Hello!
EOT
                     );

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7581315/php-heredoc-string-rules

标签

php

string

heredoc