Saving dictionary whose keys are tuples with json, python

问题

I am writing a little program in python and I am using a dictionary whose (like the title says) keys and values are tuples. I am trying to use json as follows

import json
data = {(1,2,3):(a,b,c),(2,6,3):(6,3,2)}
print json.dumps(data)

Problem is I keep getting TypeError: keys must be a string.

How can I go about doing it? I tried looking at the python documentation but didn't see any clear solution. Thanks!

回答1:

You'll need to convert your tuples to strings first:

json.dumps({str(k): v for k, v in data.iteritems()})

Of course, you'll end up with strings instead of tuples for keys:

'{"(1, 2, 3)": ["a", "b", "c"], "(2, 6, 3)": [6, 3, 2]}'

回答2:

If you want to load your data later on you have to postprocess it anyway. Therefore I'd just dump data.items():

>>> import json
>>> a, b, c = "abc"
>>> data = {(1,2,3):(a,b,c), (2,6,3):(6,3,2)}
>>> on_disk = json.dumps(data.items())
>>> on_disk
'[[[2, 6, 3], [6, 3, 2]], [[1, 2, 3], ["a", "b", "c"]]]'
>>> data_restored = dict(map(tuple, kv) for kv in json.loads(on_disk))
>>> data_restored
{(2, 6, 3): (6, 3, 2), (1, 2, 3): (u'a', u'b', u'c')}

回答3:

You can use ujson module. ujson.dumps() accepts tuples as keys in a dictionary. You can install ujson by pip.

回答4:

For Python 3* users: in addition to @Martijn Pieters answer,

dictonary.iteritems() is not valid, replace it with dictionary.items() :

json.dumps({str(k): v for k, v in data.items()})

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12337583/saving-dictionary-whose-keys-are-tuples-with-json-python