I'm new to postgresql, and locally, I use pgadmin3. On the remote server, however, I have no such luxury.
I've already created the backup of the database and copied it over, but, is there a way to restore a backup from the command line? I only see things related to GUI or to pg_dumps, so, if someone can tell me how to go about this, that'd be terrific!
There are two tools to look at, depending on how you created the dump file.
Your first source of reference should be the man page pg_dump(1) as that is what creates the dump itself. It says:
Dumps can be output in script or archive file formats. Script dumps are plain-text files containing the SQL commands required to reconstruct the database to the state it was in at the time it was saved. To restore from such a script, feed it to psql(1). Script files can be used to reconstruct the database even on other machines and other architectures; with some modifications even on other SQL database products.
The alternative archive file formats must be used with pg_restore(1) to rebuild the database. They allow pg_restore to be selective about what is restored, or even to reorder the items prior to being restored. The archive file formats are designed to be portable across architectures.
So depends on the way it was dumped out. You can probably figure it out using the excellent file(1) command - if it mentions ASCII text and/or SQL, it should be restored with psql otherwise you should probably use pg_restore
Restoring is pretty easy:
psql -U <username> -d <dbname> -1 -f <filename>.sql
or
pg_restore -U <username> -d <dbname> -1 <filename>.dump
Check out their respective manpages - there's quite a few options that affect how the restore works. You may have to clean out your "live" databases or recreate them from template0 (as pointed out in a comment) before restoring, depending on how the dumps were generated.
create backup
pg_dump -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres -F c -b -v -f
"/usr/local/backup/10.70.0.61.backup" old_db
-F c is custom format (compressed, and able to do in parallel with -j N) -b is including blobs, -v is verbose, -f is the backup file name
restore from backup
pg_restore -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres -d old_db -v
"/usr/local/backup/10.70.0.61.backup"
important to set -h localhost - option
You might need to be logged in as postgres in order to have full privileges on databases.
su - postgres
psql -l # will list all databases on Postgres cluster
pg_dump/pg_restore
pg_dump -U username -f backup.dump database_name -Fc
switch -F specify format of backup file:
cwill use custom PostgreSQL format which is compressed and results in smallest backup file sizedfor directory where each file is one tabletfor TAR archive (bigger than custom format)-h/--hostSpecifies the host name of the machine on which the server is running-W/--passwordForcepg_dumpto prompt for a password before connecting to a database
restore backup:
pg_restore -d database_name -U username -C backup.dump
Parameter -C should create database before importing data. If it doesn't work you can always create database eg. with command (as user postgres or other account that has rights to create databases) createdb db_name -O owner
pg_dump/psql
In case that you didn't specify the argument -F default plain text SQL format was used (or with -F p). Then you can't use pg_restore. You can import data with psql.
backup:
pg_dump -U username -f backup.sql database_name
restore:
psql -d database_name -f backup.sql
POSTGRESQL 9.1.12
DUMP:
pg_dump -U user db_name > archive_name.sql
put the user password and press enter.
RESTORE:
psql -U user db_name < /directory/archive.sql
put the user password and press enter.
Below is my version of pg_dump which I use to restore the database:
pg_restore -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres -d my_new_database my_old_database.backup
or use psql:
psql -h localhost -U postgres -p 5432 my_new_database < my_old_database.backup
where -h host, -p port, -u login username, -d name of database
Backup and restore with GZIP
For larger size database this is very good
backup
pg_dump -U user -d mydb | gzip > mydb.pgsql.gz
resore
gunzip -c mydb.pgsql.gz | psql dbname -U user
Backup: $ pg_dump -U {user-name} {source_db} -f {dumpfilename.sql}
Restore: $ psql -U {user-name} -d {desintation_db} -f {dumpfilename.sql}
1.open the terminal.
2.backup your database with following command
your postgres bin - /opt/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/
your source database server - 192.168.1.111
your backup file location and name - /home/dinesh/db/mydb.backup
your source db name - mydatabase
/opt/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_dump --host '192.168.1.111' --port 5432 --username "postgres" --no-password --format custom --blobs --file "/home/dinesh/db/mydb.backup" "mydatabase"
3.restore mydb.backup file into destination.
your destination server - localhost
your destination database name - mydatabase
create database for restore the backup.
/opt/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/psql -h 'localhost' -p 5432 -U postgres -c "CREATE DATABASE mydatabase"
restore the backup.
/opt/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_restore --host 'localhost' --port 5432 --username "postgres" --dbname "mydatabase" --no-password --clean "/home/dinesh/db/mydb.backup"
If you create a backup using pg_dump you can easily restore it in the following way:
- Open command line window
- Go to Postgres bin folder. For example:
cd "C:\ProgramFiles\PostgreSQL\9.5\bin" - Enter the command to restore your database.
For example: psql.exe -U postgres -d YourDatabase -f D:\Backup\.sql - Type password for your postgres user
- Check the restore process
try:
pg_restore -h localhost -p 5432 -U <username> -d <dbname> -1 <filename>
try this:
psql -U <username> -d <dbname> -f <filename>.sql
Restore DB psql from .sql file
As below link said, you can use psql command for restoring the dump file:
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/backup.html#BACKUP-DUMP-RESTORE
psql dbname < infile
if you need to set username just add the username after the command like:
psql dbname < infile username
Try to see if the following commands can help you:
sudo su - yourdbuser
psql
\i yourbackupfile
Restoring a postgres backup file depends on how did you take the backup in the first place.
If you used pg_dump with -F c or -F d you need to use pg_restore otherwise you can just use
psql -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres < backupfile
1) Open psql terminal.
2) Unzip/ untar the dump file.
3) Create an empty database.
4) use the following command to restore the .dump file
<database_name>-# \i <path_to_.dump_file>
If you have a backup SQL file then you can easily Restore it. Just follow the instructions, given in the below
1. At first, create a database using pgAdmin or whatever you want (for example my_db is our created db name)
2. Now Open command line window
3. Go to Postgres bin folder. For example: cd "C:\ProgramFiles\PostgreSQL\pg10\bin"
4. Enter the following command to restore your database: psql.exe -U postgres -d my_db -f D:\Backup\backup_file_name.sql
Type password for your postgres user if needed and let Postgres to do its work. Then you can check the restore process.
This worked for me:
pg_restore --verbose --clean --no-acl --no-owner --host=localhost -dbname=db_name --username=username latest.dump
I was having authentication problems running pg_dump, so I moved my dump file
mv database_dump /tmp
into the temp directory and then ran
su -u postgres
cd /tmp
pg_restore database_dump
If you have a large database dump, you may just want to create another directory where your current user and the postgres user can access and putting the database dump file into that.
If you want to backup your data or restore data from a backup, you can run the following commands:
1 To create backup of your data, go to your postgres \bin\ directory like C:\programfiles\postgres\10\bin\ and then type the following command -
pg_dump -FC -U ngb -d ngb -p 5432 >C:\BACK_UP\ngb.090718_after_readUpload.backup
2 To restore data from a backup, go to your postgres \bin\ directory like C:\programfiles\postgres\10\bin\ and then type below command - C:\programFiles\postgres\10\bin> pg_restore -Fc -U ngb -d ngb -p 5432 <C:\ngb.130918.backup
Please make sure that the backup file exists.
See below example its working
C:/Program Files/PostgreSQL/9.4/bin\pg_restore.exe --host localhost --port 5432 --username "postgres" --dbname "newDatabase" --no-password --verbose
"C:\Users\Yogesh\Downloads\new Download\DB.backup"
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2732474/restore-a-postgres-backup-file-using-the-command-line