1、编写SpringBoot的引导类
package springboot_test.springboot_test;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SpringbootTestApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootTestApplication.class, args); }}
2、编写普通实体Dog
package springboot_test.springboot_test.bean;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;//普通实体，会做为Person类中的属性使用，不需要加任何注解//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person.dog")//@Componentpublic class Dog { private String name; private String color; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getColor() { return color; } public void setColor(String color) { this.color = color; } @Override public String toString() { return "Dog{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", color='" + color + '\'' + '}'; }}
3、编写需要绑定yml文件中的值的配置类Person
package springboot_test.springboot_test.bean;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.NestedConfigurationProperty;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;//prefix指定使用yml配置文件中的哪部分开头的数据@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")//该类也做为组件才能使用容器中的其他组件，即才能使用@ConfigurationProperties@Componentpublic class Person { private String name; private String age; private Date birthDay; private Map map; private List list; //类中含有其他类的对象，想让dog在yml编写的时候也给提示，需要加上该属性 @NestedConfigurationProperty private Dog dog; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(String age) { this.age = age; } public Date getBirthDay() { return birthDay; } public void setBirthDay(Date birthDay) { this.birthDay = birthDay; } public Map getMap() { return map; } public void setMap(Map map) { this.map = map; } public List getList() { return list; } public void setList(List list) { this.list = list; } public Dog getDog() { return dog; } public void setDog(Dog dog) { this.dog = dog; } @Override public String toString() { return "Person{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age='" + age + '\'' + ", birthDay=" + birthDay + ", map=" + map + ", list=" + list + ", dog=" + dog + '}'; }}4、配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!--依赖的父项目，父项目中还会依赖其他父项目来决定使用的jar包的版本--> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>springboot_test</groupId> <artifactId>springboot_test</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springboot_test</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <!--用于引进springmvc等相关jar包，可通过页面访问--> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--用于junit测试--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--用于热部署--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <!--配置处理器，当类上加@ConfigurationProperties注解时，需要配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> <!--用于使用maven的package功能进行打包--> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>5、编写application.yml文件
person: name: zhangsan age: 18 birth-day: 2019/11/19 map: {k1: v1,k2: v2} list: - pig - cat dog: color: black name: 小狗6、编写PersonTest.java测试类
import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;import springboot_test.springboot_test.SpringbootTestApplication;import springboot_test.springboot_test.bean.Person;@SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootTestApplication.class)@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)public class PersonTest { @Autowired private Person person; @Test public void getPerson(){ System.out.println(person); }}另外在测试的时候出现了报错java.lang.Exception: No runnable methods，原因为@Test注解引入的类不对，应该引入org.junit.Test;还有一个可能的原因是没有在方法上写@Test注解另外，如果绑定的值是在application.properties中配置的，而不是在yml中配置的，则会出现打印结果中文乱码的问题，application.properties配置如下：
person.name=张三person.age=18person.birth-day= 2019/11/19person.list=a,b,cperson.map.k1=v1person.map.k2=v2person.dog.name=小狗person.dog.color=black
可通过如下所示
如有理解不到位的地方，望指教！