问题
In my application I encountered the following and was surprised by the results:
8/-7=-2 (both integers).
what does this means?
回答1:
For the actual values, i.e. 8.0/(-7.0), the result is roughly -1.143.
Your result using integer division is being rounded down toward the more negative value of -2. (This is also known as "Floor division")
This is why you will get the somewhat perplexing answers of:
>>> 8/(-7)
-2
>>> 8/7
1
Note: This is "fixed" in Python 3, where the result of 8/(-7) would be -1.143. So if you have no reason to be using Python 2, you should upgrade. ;)
In Python 3, if you still want integer division, you can use the // operator. This will give you the same answer as 8/(-7) would in Python 2.
Here's a Python Enhancement Proposal on the subject: PEP 238 -- Changing the Division Operator
回答2:
Python always does the "floor division" for both negative numbers division and positive numbers division.
That is
1/10 = 0
1/-10 = -1
But sometime we need 1/-10 to be 0
I figure out it can be done by using the float division first then cast result to int, e.g.
int(float(1)/-10) = 0
That works fine for me, no need to import the future division or upgrade to Python 3
Hope it can help you~
回答3:
to have python automatically convert integer division to float, you can use:
from __future__ import division
now:
8/-7=-1.1428571428571428
this feature is not in the standard python 2 not to break existing code that relied on integer division. However, this is the default behavior for python 3.
回答4:
When both values are integers when dividing Python uses Floor division.
回答5:
In python, / operator is for integer division. You can look at it as float division followed by a floor operation.
For example,
8/7 == floor(8.0/7.0) == 1
8/-7 == floor(8.0/-7.0) == -2
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5535206/negative-integer-division-surprising-result