Using SQL Server stored procedures from Python (pyodbc)

问题

I'm have a stored procedure, code:

DECLARE @RC int 
DECLARE @id varchar(13) 
DECLARE @pw varchar(13) 
DECLARE @depart varchar(32) 
DECLARE @class varchar(12) 
DECLARE @name varchar(12) 
DECLARE @birthday varchar(10) 
DECLARE @grade int 
DECLARE @subgrade int 
SELECT @id = 'test' 
SELECT @pw = '12345' 
SELECT @depart = 'none' 
SELECT @class = 'GM' 
SELECT @name = 'name' 
SELECT @birthday = 'None' 
SELECT @grade = 3 
SELECT @subgrade = 2 
EXEC @RC = [my_database].[dbo].[my_table] @id, @pw, @depart, @class, @name, @birthday, @grade, @subgrade 
DECLARE @PrnLine nvarchar(4000) 
PRINT 'Stored Procedure: my_database.dbo.my_table' 
SELECT @PrnLine = ' Return Code = ' + CONVERT(nvarchar, @RC)

How i can make a raw sql query to create account using this procedure? I'm using flask and pyodbc.

回答1:

From the pyodbc documentation

To call a stored procedure right now, pass the call to the execute method using either a format your database recognizes or using the ODBC call escape format. (The ODBC driver will then reformat the call for you to match the given database.)

For SQL Server you would use something like this:

# SQL Server format
cursor.execute("exec sp_dosomething(123, 'abc')")

# ODBC format
cursor.execute("{call sp_dosomething(123, 'abc')}")

So to call your procedure

id_ = 'test' 
pw = '12345' 
depart = 'none' 
class_ = 'GM' 
name = 'name' 
birthday = 'None' 
grade = 3 
subgrade = 2 

sql = 'exec [my_database].[dbo].[my_table](?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)'
values = (id_, pw, depart, class_, name, birthday, grade, subgrade)

cursor.execute(sql, (values))

回答2:

The accepted answer does not address the issue of capturing the return value from the stored procedure, which can be done like this:

id_ = 'test' 
pw = '12345' 
depart = 'none' 
class_ = 'GM' 
name = 'name' 
birthday = 'None' 
grade = 3 
subgrade = 2 

sql = """\
DECLARE @RC int;
EXEC @RC = [my_database].[dbo].[my_sp] ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?;
SELECT @RC AS rc;
"""
values = (id_, pw, depart, class_, name, birthday, grade, subgrade)
cursor.execute(sql, values)
rc = cursor.fetchval()  # pyodbc convenience method similar to cursor.fetchone()[0]

回答3:

Don't forget SET NOCOUNT ON in your stored procedure.

回答4:

Another flavour of Gord's answer is using OUTPUT and named parameters (to be defined within the Stored procedure) for clarity.

id_ = 'test' 
pw = '12345' 
depart = 'none' 
class_ = 'GM' 
name = 'name' 
birthday = 'None' 
grade = 3 
subgrade = 2 

sql = """\
DECLARE @RC int;
EXEC [my_database].[dbo].[my_sp] @RC OUTPUT, @id_=?, @pw=?, @depart=?, @class_=?, @name=?, @birthday=?, @grade=?, @subgrade=?;
SELECT @RC AS rc;
"""
values = (id_, pw, depart, class_, name, birthday, grade, subgrade)
cursor.execute(sql, values)
rc = cursor.fetchval()

回答5:

With a cursor initialized by your connection, the sp can be called directly as follow

sql = " exec your_SP @codemp = ?, @fecha = ? "
prm = (dict['param1'], dict['param2'])
cursor.execute(qry, params)

回答6:

For MSSQL the correct format is this:

SQL = 'exec sp_UpdateUserGoogleAuthenticated ''?'', ''?'''

Try running the Stored Procedure in MSSQL in the SQL Query window and it will fail every time with () surrounding the ? marks. If you escape the single quotes it will allow for variables with spaces in them.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28635671/using-sql-server-stored-procedures-from-python-pyodbc

标签

python

sql-server

pyodbc