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How to vertically align an image inside a div

由 ﹥＞﹥吖頭↗ 提交于 2019-11-26 18:30:25

问题


How can you align an image inside of a containing div?

Example

In my example, I need to vertically center the <img> in the <div> with class ="frame":

<div class="frame" style="height: 25px;">
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" />
</div>

.frame's height is fixed and image's height is unknown. I can add new elements in .frame if that's the only solution. I'm trying to do this on Internet Explorer 7 and later, WebKit, Gecko.

See the jsfiddle here.

.frame {
    height: 25px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
    line-height: 25px;
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid red;

    text-align: center;
    margin: 1em 0;
}
img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    vertical-align: middle;
    max-height: 25px;
    max-width: 160px;
}
<div class=frame>
   <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=250 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
   <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=25 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
   <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=23 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
   <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=21 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
   <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=19 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=17 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=15 />
 </div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=13 />
 </div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=11 />
 </div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=9 />
 </div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=7 />
 </div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=5 />
 </div>
<div class=frame>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=3 />
 </div>

回答1:


The only (and the best cross-browser) way as I know is to use an inline-block helper with height: 100% and vertical-align: middle on both elements.

So there is a solution: http://jsfiddle.net/kizu/4RPFa/4570/

.frame {
    height: 25px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid red;
    white-space: nowrap; /* This is required unless you put the helper span closely near the img */

    text-align: center;
    margin: 1em 0;
}

.helper {
    display: inline-block;
    height: 100%;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    vertical-align: middle;
    max-height: 25px;
    max-width: 160px;
}
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=250px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=25px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=23px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=21px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=19px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=17px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=15px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=13px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=11px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=9px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=7px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=5px />
</div>
<div class="frame">
    <span class="helper"></span>
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=3px />
</div>

Or, if you don't want to have an extra element in modern browsers and don't mind using Internet Explorer expressions, you can use a pseudo-element and add it to Internet Explorer using a convenient expression, that runs only once per element, so there won't be any performance issues:

The solution with :before and expression() for Internet Explorer: http://jsfiddle.net/kizu/4RPFa/4571/

.frame {
    height: 25px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid red;
    white-space: nowrap;

    text-align: center;
    margin: 1em 0;
}

.frame:before,
.frame_before {
    content: "";
    display: inline-block;
    height: 100%;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    vertical-align: middle;
    max-height: 25px;
    max-width: 160px;
}

/* Move this to conditional comments */
.frame {
    list-style:none;
    behavior: expression(
        function(t){
            t.insertAdjacentHTML('afterBegin','<span class="frame_before"></span>');
            t.runtimeStyle.behavior = 'none';
        }(this)
    );
}
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=250px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=25px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=23px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=21px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=19px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=17px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=15px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=13px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=11px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=9px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=7px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=5px /></div>
<div class="frame"><img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=3px /></div>

How it works:

  1. When you have two inline-block elements near each other, you can align each to other's side, so with vertical-align: middle you'll get something like this:

  2. When you have a block with fixed height (in px, em or other absolute unit), you can set the height of inner blocks in %.

  3. So, adding one inline-block with height: 100% in a block with fixed height would align another inline-block element in it (<img/> in your case) vertically near it.



回答2:


This might be useful: 

div {
    position: relative;
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
}
img {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    margin: auto;
}
.image {
    min-height: 50px
}

Reference: http://www.student.oulu.fi/~laurirai/www/css/middle/




回答3:


matejkramny's solution is a good start, but oversized images have a wrong ratio.

Here's my fork:

Demo: https://jsbin.com/lidebapomi/edit?html,css,output

HTML:

<div class="frame">
  <img src="foo"/>
</div>

CSS:

.frame {
    height: 160px; /* Can be anything */
    width: 160px; /* Can be anything */
    position: relative;
}
img {
    max-height: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    margin: auto;
}



回答4:


A three-line solution:

position: relative;
top: 50%;
transform: translateY(-50%);

This applies to anything.

From here.




回答5:


A pure CSS solution:

.frame {
  margin: 1em 0;
  height: 35px;
  width: 160px;
  border: 1px solid red;
  position: relative;
}

img {
  max-height: 25px;
  max-width: 160px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  margin: auto;
  background: #3A6F9A;
}
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=250 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=25 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=23 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=21 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=19 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=17 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=15 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=13 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=11 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=9 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=7 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=5 />
</div>
<div class=frame>
  <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" height=3 />
</div>

Key stuff

// position: relative; - in .frame holds the absolute element within the frame
// top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; - this is key for centering a component
// margin: auto; - centers the image horizontally & vertically



回答6:


For a more modern solution, and if there is no need to support legacy browsers, you can do this:

.frame {
    display: flex;
    /**
    Uncomment 'justify-content' below to center horizontally.
    ✪ Read below for a better way to center vertically and horizontally.
    **/

    /* justify-content: center; */
    align-items: center;
}

img {
    height: auto;

    /**
    ✪ To center this image both vertically and horizontally,
    in the .frame rule above comment the 'justify-content'
    and 'align-items' declarations,
    then  uncomment 'margin: auto;' below.
    **/

    /* margin: auto; */
}

/* Styling stuff not needed for demo */
.frame {
    max-width: 900px;
    height: 200px;
    margin: auto;
    background: #222;
}
p {
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 20px auto 0;
}
img {
    width: 150px;
}
<div class="frame">
    <img src="https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/s.cdpn.io/9988/hand-pointing.png">
</div>

Here's a Pen: http://codepen.io/ricardozea/pen/aa0ee8e6021087b6e2460664a0fa3f3e




回答7:


This way you can center an image vertically (demo):

div{
  height: 150px; // Internet Explorer 7 fix
  line-height: 150px;
}
img{
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-bottom: 0.25em;
}



回答8:


Also, you can use Flexbox to achieve the correct result:

.parent {
  align-items: center; /* For vertical align */
  background: red;
  display: flex;
  height: 250px;
  /* justify-content: center; <- for horizontal align */
  width: 250px;
}
<div class="parent">
  <img class="child" src="https://cdn2.iconfinder.com/data/icons/social-icons-circular-black/512/stackoverflow-128.png" />
</div>



回答9:


There is a super easy solution with flexbox!

.frame {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}



回答10:


You could try setting the CSS of PI to display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;




回答11:


You can try the below code:

.frame{
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
}
<div class="frame" style="height: 25px;">
    <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" />
</div>



回答12:


Background image solution

I removed the image element altogether and set it as background of the div with a class of .frame

http://jsfiddle.net/URVKa/2/

This at least works fine on Internet Explorer 8, Firefox 6 and Chrome  13.

I checked, and this solution will not work to shrink images larger than 25 pixels height. There is a property called background-size which does set the size of the element, but it is CSS 3 which would conflict with Internet Explorer 7 requirements.

I would advice you to either redo your browser priorities and design for the best available browsers, or get some server-side code to resize the images if you'd want to use this solution.




回答13:


You could do this:

Demo

http://jsfiddle.net/DZ8vW/1

CSS

.frame {
    height: 25px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
    line-height: 25px;
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid red;

    text-align: center; 
    margin: 1em 0;
    position: relative; /* Changes here... */
}
img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    max-height: 25px;
    max-width: 160px;
    top: 50%;           /* Here.. */
    left: 50%;          /* Here... */
    position: absolute; /* And here */
}


JavaScript

$("img").each(function(){
    this.style.marginTop = $(this).height() / -2 + "px";
})



回答14:


http://jsfiddle.net/MBs64/

.frame {
    height: 35px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid red;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 1em 0;
    display: table-cell;
    vertical-align: middle;
}
img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    display: block;
    max-height: 35px;
    max-width: 160px;
}

The key property is display: table-cell; for .frame. Div.frame is displayed as inline with this, so you need to wrap it in a block element.

This works in Firefox, Opera, Chrome, Safari and Internet Explorer 8 (and later).

UPDATE

For Internet Explorer 7 we need to add a CSS expression:

*:first-child+html img {
    position: relative;
    top: expression((this.parentNode.clientHeight-this.clientHeight)/2+"px");
}



回答15:


Try this solution with pure CSS http://jsfiddle.net/sandeep/4RPFa/72/

Maybe it is the main problem with your HTML. You're not using quotes when you define class & image height in your HTML.

CSS:

.frame {
    height: 25px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid red;
    position: relative;
    margin: 1em 0;
    top: 50%;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    vertical-align: middle;
    line-height: 0;
    margin: 0 auto;
    max-height: 25px;
}

When I work around with the img tag it's leaving 3 pixels to 2 pixels space from top. Now I decrease line-height, and it's working.

CSS:

    .frame {
        height: 25px;      /* Equals maximum image height */
        width: 160px;
        border: 1px solid red;
        margin: 1em 0;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 22px;
        *:first-child+html line-height:24px; /* For Internet Explorer 7 */
    }

    img {
        background: #3A6F9A;
        vertical-align: middle;
        line-height: 0;    
        max-height: 25px;
        max-width: 160px;
    }
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0) {
    .frame {
        line-height:20px; /* WebKit browsers */
    }

The line-height property is rendered differently in different browsers. So, we have to define different line-height property browsers.

Check this example: http://jsfiddle.net/sandeep/4be8t/11/

Check this example about line-height different in different browsers: input height differences in Firefox and Chrome




回答16:


I am not sure about Internet Explorer, but under Firefox and Chrome, if you have an img in a div container, the following CSS content should work. At least for me it works well:

div.img-container {
    display: table-cell;
    vertical-align: middle;
    height: 450px;
    width: 490px;
}

div.img-container img {
    max-height: 450px;
    max-width: 490px;
}



回答17:


My solution: http://jsfiddle.net/XNAj6/2/

<div class="container">
    <div class="frame">
        <img src="http://jsfiddle.net/img/logo.png" class="img" alt="" />
    </div>
</div>

.container {
    display: table;
    float: left;
    border: solid black 1px;
    margin: 2px;
    padding: 0;
    background-color: black;
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
}
.frame {
    display: table-cell;
    text-align: center;
    vertical-align: middle;
    border-width: 0;
}
.img {
    max-width: 150px;
    max-height: 150px;
    vertical-align: middle;
}



回答18:


This works for modern browsers (2016 at time of edit) as shown in this demo on codepen

.frame {
    height: 25px;
    line-height: 25px;
    width: 160px;
    border: 1px solid #83A7D3;          
}
.frame img {
    background: #3A6F9A;
    display:inline-block;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

It is very important that you either give the images a class or use inheritance to target the images that you need centered. In this example we used .frame img {} so that only images wrapped by a div with a class of .frame would be targeted.




回答19:


Solution using a table and table cells

Sometimes it should be solved by displaying as table/table-cell. For example, a fast title screen. It is a recommended way by W3 also. I recommend you check this link called Centering a block or image from W3C.org.

The tips used here are:

  • Absolute positioning container displayed as table
  • Vertical aligned to center content displayed as table-cell

.container {
    position: absolute;
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}
.content {
    display: table-cell;
    vertical-align: middle;
}
<div class="container">
  <div class="content">
    <h1 style="text-align:center">Peace in the world</h1>
 </div>
</div>

Personally I actually disagree about use helpers for this purpose.




回答20:


An easy way which work for me:

img {
    vertical-align: middle;
    display: inline-block;
    position: relative;
}

It works for Google Chrome very well. Try this one out in a different browser.




回答21:


For centering an image inside a container (it could be a logo) besides some text like this:

Basically you wrap the image

.outer-frame {
  border: 1px solid red;
  min-height: 200px;
  text-align: center; /* Only to align horizontally */
}

.wrapper{
  line-height: 200px;
  border: 2px dashed blue;
  border-radius: 20px;
  margin: 50px
}

img {
  /* height: auto; */
  vertical-align: middle;   /* Only to align vertically */
}
<div class="outer-frame">
  <div class="wrapper">
    some text
    <img src="http://via.placeholder.com/150x150">
  </div>
</div>



回答22:


Imagine you have

<div class="wrap">
    <img src="#">
</div>

And css:

.wrap {
    display: flex;
}
.wrap img {
    object-fit: contain;
}



回答23:


If you can live with pixel-sized margins, just add font-size: 1px; to the .frame. But remember, that now on the .frame 1em = 1px, which means, you need to set the margin in pixels too.

http://jsfiddle.net/feeela/4RPFa/96/

Now it's not centered any more in Opera…




回答24:


I had the same problem. This works for me:

<style type="text/css">
    div.parent {
        position: relative;
    }

    img.child {
        bottom: 0;
        left: 0;
        margin: auto;
        position: absolute;
        right: 0;
        top: 0;
    }
</style>

<div class="parent">
    <img class="child">
</div>



回答25:


You can use this:

 .loaderimage {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    margin-top: -30px; /* 50% of the height */
    margin-left: -30px;
 }



回答26:


Using table and table-cell method do the job, specially because you targeting some old browsers as well, I create a snippet for you which you can run it and check the result: 

.wrapper {
  position: relative;
  display: table;
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
}

.inside {
  vertical-align: middle;
  display: table-cell;
}
<div class="wrapper">
  <div class="inside">
    <p>Centre me please!!!</p>
  </div>
  <div class="inside">
    <img src="https://cdn2.iconfinder.com/data/icons/social-icons-circular-black/512/stackoverflow-128.png" />
  </div>
</div>



回答27:


I have been playing around with using padding for center alignment. You will need to define the top level outer-container size, but the inner container should resize, and you can set the padding at different percentage values.

jsfiddle

<div class='container'>
  <img src='image.jpg' />
</div>

.container {
  padding: 20%;
  background-color: blue;
}

img {
  width: 100%;
}



回答28:


The best solution is that

.block{
    /* Decor */
    padding:0 20px;
    background: #666;
    border: 2px solid #fff;
    text-align: center;
    /* Important */
    min-height: 220px;
    width: 260px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
.block:after{
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    height: 220px; /* The same as min-height */
    width: 1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin: 0 0 0 -5px;
    vertical-align: middle;
}
.block span{
    vertical-align: middle;
    display: inline-block;
    white-space: normal;
}



回答29:


Use this one:

position: absolute;
top: calc(50% - 0.5em);
left: calc(50% - 0.5em);
line-height: 1em;

And you can vary font-size.




回答30:


Want to align an image which have after a text / title and both are inside a div?

See on JSfiddle or Run Code Snippet.

Just be sure to have an ID or a class at all your elements (div, img, title, etc.).

For me works this solution on all browsers (for mobile devices you must to adapt your code with: @media).

h2.h2red {
    color: red;
    font-size: 14px;
}
.mydivclass {
    margin-top: 30px;
    display: block;
}
img.mydesiredclass {
    margin-right: 10px;
    display: block;
    float: left; /* If you want to allign the text with an image on the same row */
    width: 100px;
    heght: 100px;
    margin-top: -40px /* Change this value to adapt to your page */;
}
<div class="mydivclass">
    <br />
    <img class="mydesiredclass" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg/2000px-Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg.png">
    <h2 class="h2red">Text aligned after image inside a div by negative manipulate the img position</h2>
</div>


来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7336503/how-to-vertical-align-image-inside-div

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