问题
I'm using this MSDN Tutorial to run in VS2015 the command PM> Add-Migration MyFirstMigration -context BloggingContext that ran yesterday successfully but today it's giving the following error that is also pointed out by other users here. I even deleted the Migrations folder from solution explorer and the corresponding db from SQL Express 2014 on Win 8.1 but same error. Even if I run Add-Migration MyFirstMigration I get same error:
Add-Migration : The term 'Add-Migration' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program.
Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.
At line:1 char:1
+ Add-Migration MyFirstMigration -context BloggingContext
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (Add-Migration:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
Note: I'm using latest version of ASP.NET Core 1.0 and VS2015 - Update 3 released on June 27, 2016.
UPDATE
The following commands work fine from the project directory in the windows explorer when using command window:
> dotnet ef migrations add MyFirstMigration --context BloggingContext
> dotnet ef database update --context BloggingContext
UPDATE 2a
Following is the project.json file:
{
"userSecretsId": "aspnet-ASPCore_RTM_CodeFirst_test-bef835d9-9831-41a8-bc3a-cd2f1477a880",
"dependencies": {
"Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
"version": "1.0.0",
"type": "platform"
},
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
},
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Design": {
"version": "1.0.0",
"type": "build"
},
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.UserSecrets": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.BrowserLink.Loader": "14.0.0",
"Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
},
"Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGenerators.Mvc": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
}
},
"tools": {
"BundlerMinifier.Core": "2.0.238",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.Extensions.SecretManager.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"imports": [
"portable-net45+win8"
]
}
},
"frameworks": {
"netcoreapp1.0": {
"imports": [
"dotnet5.6",
"portable-net45+win8"
]
}
},
"buildOptions": {
"emitEntryPoint": true,
"preserveCompilationContext": true
},
"runtimeOptions": {
"configProperties": {
"System.GC.Server": true
}
},
"publishOptions": {
"include": [
"wwwroot",
"Views",
"Areas/**/Views",
"appsettings.json",
"web.config"
]
},
"scripts": {
"prepublish": [ "bower install", "dotnet bundle" ],
"postpublish": [ "dotnet publish-iis --publish-folder %publish:OutputPath% --framework %publish:FullTargetFramework%" ]
}
}
回答1:
Try the following steps:
1) Open project.json file and Remove all Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools references from dependencies and tools sections.
2) Close Package Manager Console (PMC) and restart Visual Studio
3) Add under dependencies section:
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
}
4) Add under tools section
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final"
5) Restart again Visual Studio 2015
6) Open the PMC and type
Add-Migration $Your_First_Migration_Name$
This happen because the PMC recognize the tools when Visual Studio is starting.
回答2:
Ensure Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools is referenced in the dependencies section of your project.json. NuGet won't load the Package Manager Commands from the tools section. (See NuGet/Home#3023)
{
"dependencies": {
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
}
}
}
回答3:
It's so simple.
Just install Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools package from nuget:
Install-Package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools -Version 2.1.3
You can also use this link to install the latest version: Nuget package link
回答4:
same issue...resolved by dong the following
1.) close pm manager 2.) close Visual Studio 3.) Open Visual Studio 4.) Open pm manager
seems the trick is to close PM Manager before closing VS
回答5:
I just had this problem too. I closed and opened VS2015 and it "fixed" the issue...
回答6:
You have to know what is your Entity-Framework version.
Also after that you have to check project.json and control these sections:
In Dependencies
check:
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
},
This section:
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
is related with version of your Entity-Framework and you have to change this with that.
After that the second section of the proj.json is here, In the Tools section of JSON you have:
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
Also this part of code is related with your Entity-Framework and last part of code in Dependencies section.
Note: After do this issues you should to close CMD and restart visual studio.
回答7:
What I had to do...
1) Tools -> Nuget Package Manger -> Package Manager Settings
2) General Tab
3) Clear All NuGet Cache(s)
4) Restart Visual Studio
回答8:
I had this problem in Visual Studio 2013. I reinstalled NuGet Package Manager:
https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=NuGetTeam.NuGetPackageManagerforVisualStudio2013
回答9:
I ran into the same issue. Most of my projects had the same thing in tools.
"tools": {
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final"
}
This worked fine on all but one project. I changed the entry in tools to
"tools": {
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
}
}
And then ran dotnet restore. After the restore completed, Add-Migration worked normally.
回答10:
Just try init Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools. In PM execute
C:\Users\<username>\.nuget\packages\Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools\1.0.0-preview2-final\tools\init.ps1.
It helped me with the same problem. A version of the tools might be different. It`s depended of what you use in your project.
回答11:
I had the same problem and found that it was a Visual Studio versioning problem in the Solution file.
I was targeting:
VisualStudioVersion = 14.0.25123.0
But I needed to target:
VisualStudioVersion = 14.0.25420.1
After making that change directly to the Solution file, EF Core cmdlets started working in the Package Manager Console.
回答12:
I had this problem and none of the previous solutions helped me. My problem was actually due to an outdated version of powershell on my Windows 7 machine - once I updated to powershell 5 it started working.
回答13:
These are the steps I followed and it solved the problem
1)Upgraded my Power shell from version 2 to 3
2)Closed the PM Console
3)Restarted Visual Studio
4)Ran the below command in PM Console dotnet restore
5)Add-Migration InitialMigration
It worked !!!
回答14:
Go to package manager console(in visual studio) and execute below command
C:\Users\<YOUR_USER>\.nuget\packages\Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools\<YOUR_INSTALLED_VERSION>\tools\init.ps1
回答15:
I think the answer needs updating in 2017, as MS have made some (breaking) changes that is detailed here.
https://github.com/aspnet/EntityFramework/issues/7053
To summarise, you will now need a reference to EntityFrameWorkCore.Tools.DotNet in the Tools Section as below
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet": "1.0.0"
I have also posted a working project.json file below in case some one runs in problems.
{
"dependencies": {
"Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
"version": "1.0.1",
"type": "platform"
},
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.0.1",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
},
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.0.0",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.0.1",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer": "1.0.1",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.0.1",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"type": "build"
}
},
"tools": {
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet": "1.0.0"
},
"frameworks": {
"netcoreapp1.0": {
"imports": [
"dotnet5.6",
"portable-net45+win8"
]
}
},
"buildOptions": {
"emitEntryPoint": true,
"preserveCompilationContext": true
},
"runtimeOptions": {
"configProperties": {
"System.GC.Server": true
}
},
"publishOptions": {
"include": [
"wwwroot",
"web.config"
]
},
"scripts": {
"postpublish": [ "dotnet publish-iis --publish-folder %publish:OutputPath% --framework %publish:FullTargetFramework%" ]
}
}
回答16:
I tried doing all the above and no luck. I downloaded the latest .net core 2.0 package and ran the commands again and it worked.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38173404/the-term-add-migration-is-not-recognized