kubeadm部署kubernetes

环境准备三台：

master:192.168.100.200

node1:192.168.100.201

node2:192.168.100.202

 

---

1.初始化系统：

1）.配置双击互信：
[root@master ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@master .ssh]# mv id_rsa.pub   authorized_keys
[root@master ~]# for i in 201 202;do scp -r /root/.ssh/  192.168.100.$i:/root/;done

各个节点执行：
[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl set-hostname master
[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl set-hostname node1
[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# hostnamectl set-hostname node2

[root@master ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.100.200 master
192.168.100.201 node1
192.168.100.202 node2

[root@master .ssh]# for i in 201 202;do scp /etc/hosts  192.168.100.$i:/etc/;done

2）.配置yum源：
[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# cat > kubernetes << EOF
> [kubernetes]
> name=a li yun 
> baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
> gpgcheck=0
> enabled=1
> EOF

[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# cat > docker.repo << EOF
> [docker]
> name= a li yun 
> baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/
> gpgcheck=0
> enabled=1
> EOF

[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
............................
kubernetes                                                                                                                                           421/421
repo id                                                                     repo name                                                                  status
cdrom                                                                       local yum                                                                  3,831
docker                                                                      a li yun                                                                      61
kubernetes                                                                  a li yun                                                                     421
repolist: 4,313

[root@test1 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache fast 

3).关闭swap分区：
[root@master yum.repos.d]# swapoff -a
[root@master yum.repos.d]#sed -i '/swap/s@\(.*\)@#\1@' /etc/fstab

 

---

2.安装docker：（各个节点需要安装）

[root@master .ssh]# yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r 
[root@master .ssh]# yum install docker-ce-19.03.4-3.el7 -y
[root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable docker
[root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart docker

[root@master yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf 
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

[root@master yum.repos.d]# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
> {
>   "registry-mirrors": ["https://l6ydvf0r.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
>    "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=cgroupfs"]
> }
> EOF

[root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl daemon-reload  && systemctl restart docker

[root@master yum.repos.d]# docker info
.................................
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://l6ydvf0r.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

##其他两个节点同理以上操作。

 

---

3.使用kubeadm部署Kubernetes：

[root@master yum.repos.d]# yum install  kubectl kubeadm  kubectl  -y

node节点安装：
[root@node1 ~]# yum install  kubelet kubeadm -y

[root@master yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable kubelet  

 

---

4.初始化集群：

1.手动拉取镜像文件脚本：
[root@master kubernetes]# cat docker_images.sh 
#!/bin/bash
echo -e "\033[31m 正在拉取镜像... \033[0m"
IMAGE=(kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.0 kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.0 etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0 kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.0 kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.0 pause:3.1)

for i in ${IMAGE[@]}; do
    docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/${i} 
    docker pull coredns/coredns:1.6.2
done

docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.0
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.0
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.0
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.0
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0
docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag coredns/coredns:1.6.2 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2

docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.0
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.0
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.0
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.0
docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1
docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.6.2

[root@master kubernetes]# kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm.yaml
修改：vim kubeadm.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
  advertiseAddress: 192.168.100.200                 ##修改

kubernetesVersion: v1.16.0
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
scheduler: {}
networking:
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16               #添加pod网络

---

2.初始化集群：
[root@master kubernetes]# kubeadm init --config  kubeadm.yam

执行：
[root@master kubernetes]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@master kubernetes]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@master kubernetes]# chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 AGE
scheduler            <unknown>
controller-manager   <unknown>
etcd-0               <unknown>


[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get nodes 
NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
master   NotReady   master   3m31s   v1.16.2

3.node节点加入集群：在每个节点执行
[root@node1 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.100.200:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:2b3a8f91a12240d739e2169078c83b75f19898d58fad3347a00fbc0865f7908f
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
    [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
[kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.16" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.


[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get nodes 
NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
master   NotReady   master   6m59s   v1.16.2
node1    NotReady   <none>   108s    v1.16.2
node2    NotReady   <none>   8s      v1.16.2
##此时已经加入集群了； 

 

---

5.node节点部署kube-proxy:

[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system 
NAME                             READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-5644d7b6d9-4hxxk         0/1     Pending             0          91s
coredns-5644d7b6d9-bbl67         0/1     Pending             0          91s
etcd-master                      1/1     Running             0          35s
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running             0          43s
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running             0          25s
kube-proxy-g9p6p                 1/1     Running             0          91s
kube-proxy-qvk7d                 0/1     ContainerCreating   0          28s
kube-proxy-v8wd2                 0/1     ContainerCreating   0          15s
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running             0          46s

[root@master kubernetes]# docker save -o  kube-proxy.tar k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.0
[root@master kubernetes]# docker save -o  pause.tar k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
[root@master kubernetes]# docker save -o  coredns.tar k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2

[root@master kubernetes]# ll
总用量 86620
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     1319 11月  3 16:26 docker.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      834 11月  3 17:08 kubeadm.yaml
-rw------- 1 root root 87930880 11月  3 17:19 kube-proxy.tar
-rw------- 1 root root   754176 11月  3 17:19 pause.tar
[root@master kubernetes]# for i in node1 node2; do scp kube-proxy.tar pause.tar  coredns.tar $i:/root;done
##node节点需要kube-proxy,pause,coredns

在node节点上执行：
[root@node1 ~]# docker load -i kube-proxy.tar 
[root@node1 ~]# docker load -i coredns.tar 
[root@node1 ~]# docker load -i pause.tar 

在master节点查看：
[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system 
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-5644d7b6d9-4hxxk         0/1     Pending   0          6m42s      
coredns-5644d7b6d9-bbl67         0/1     Pending   0          6m42s
etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          5m46s
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          5m54s
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          5m36s
kube-proxy-g9p6p                 1/1     Running   0          6m42s
kube-proxy-qvk7d                 1/1     Running   0          5m39s
kube-proxy-v8wd2                 1/1     Running   0          5m26s
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          5m57s
##此时kube-proxy已经运行起来了。

 

---

 

 

6.部署flannel网络：

[root@master kubernetes]#wget http://k8s.ziji.work/flannel/kube-flannel.yml
[root@master kubernetes]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/jhr-flannel/flannel:v0.9.0-amd64
[root@master kubernetes]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/jhr-flannel/flannel:v0.9.0-amd64 quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64

[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get nodes
NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
master   Ready    master   4m23s   v1.16.2
node1    Ready    <none>   2m29s   v1.16.2
node2    Ready    <none>   2m20s   v1.16.2

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system 
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-5644d7b6d9-9gzkp         0/1     Running   0          143m
coredns-5644d7b6d9-htf7g         0/1     Running   0          143m
etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          142m
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          142m
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          142m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-55q22      1/1     Running   0          141m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-7hzmd      1/1     Running   0          141m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-9x57c      1/1     Running   0          141m
kube-proxy-h5r4j                 1/1     Running   0          142m
kube-proxy-sb8cx                 1/1     Running   0          142m
kube-proxy-xx5vp                 1/1     Running   0          143m
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          142m

##此时集群部署完成。

 

---

 

7.部署集群的dashboard:

[root@master cert]#wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
修改：
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort           ##增加此字段
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

[root@master cert]#kubectl  apply -f  kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
[root@master cert]#kubectl get svc -n kube-system 
[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system 
NAME                   TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
kube-dns               ClusterIP   10.96.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   18h
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort    10.102.151.131   <none>        443:31596/TCP            6m20s

此时用谷歌浏览器可以访问：https://node_IP：31596

##此时浏览器会显示无法登陆，需要创建证书#生成证书openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048openssl req -new -out dashboard.csr -key dashboard.key -subj '/CN=serviceip '

openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt 
#删除原有的证书secret
kubectl delete secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kube-system
#创建新的证书secret
kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=dashboard.key --from-file=dashboard.crt -n kube-system
#查看pod
kubectl get pod -n kube-system
#重启pod
kubectl delete pod <pod name> -n kube-system

此时再次登陆：##此时还是无法登陆，需要我们创建serviveaccount账号和授权：

 

创建dashboard管理用户

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system

绑定用户为集群管理用户

kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-cluster-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin

 

---

 

 

8.此时登陆获取token:

 

[root@master kubernetes]# kubectl describe secret -n kube-system dashboard-admin

 

 

 

 

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/ccbyk-90/p/11791755.html