I am testing web application behavior with Cucumber (using Selenium and Watir under the hood). My web app has HTML5 pages and makes use of the new "required" attribute. If I have a data entry form with a required field, and I submit that form with the field blank, I would like to verify that the web app correctly responds with an error condition.
Unfortunately, when testing using an HTML5 web browser, the error message that pops up on a failed field validation does not appear to be accessible to Cucumber through the web driver. In any case, the form is not submitted and the page remains on the data entry form.
On the other hand, when testing headless or with a non-HTML5-compliant browser, the form may submit, allowing my web app to trap the error and send the user back to the form page with an error message.
In the second case, I can easily test for the existence of the error message since it's part of the HTML delivered in the page. My problem is that I can't see how to write a single test scenario that will validate the error condition for both headless and HTML5 browser situations.
It may be that this is impossible with the current state of Selenium and Watir web drivers. But if anyone has any idea how I can verify the HTML5 "required" error popup message, that would be a big help.
EDIT 2012-06-02:
Here is a sample page with a sampling of HTML5 browser warnings.
There is a required text and select, a text box showing internal hint text, and a text box with regex input validation. The page doesn't have any CSS or javascript to confuse the issue, it's just vanilla HTML5. See the w3schools page about HTML5 field attributes for a complete breakdown. The form submits to a simple CGI script that just echoes the form input, assuming the form succeeds. A submit failure will remain on the sample form page.
I haven't worked with the HTML5 required attribute before. But from the looks of it, that required attribute just alerts the browser that that form field must be filled out (i.e. the DOM doesn't change).
It seems to me that it would be reasonable to just assert that that required attribute is present in the HTML of the appropriate form fields. That test should pass for BOTH HTML5 browsers and non-HTML5 browsers.
Trying to assert anything more than that seems to me like you'd be testing the functionality of the browser.
Other than validating that the HTML created is correct to enable the browser validation, I'm not sure how much you can do that doesn't amount to testing the browser and not your code.
Using watir or watir-webdriver you could use .type to validate that the input has the proper type (e.g. email) set, which is one thing that controls the browser validation. The other is the presence of the required attribute which is a little tricker Potentially .attribute_value("required") might work, but normally that returns the value of an attribute, so not sure how that method would respond to a boolean attribute. Other alternatives might be to look at .attribute_list and
Seems also like a good reason here for Watir to add a .required? method to input elements that would allow you to easily check if that attribute has been set. So I asked for that feature https://github.com/watir/watir-webdriver/issues/189
You should have CSS selectors in place to target the particular field and look for an error identifier. If it is visible or not. A detailed step definition needs to be there.
One solution would be to not use Cucumber to test the error behaviour but instead test that you have configured the fields.
So in Cuke terms you might have something like
Given I am filling in my form
Then I should see that my name is required
and then write something that looks for the required option on the html tag for the name field.
Anymore than that is testing the browser not your application.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10854357/how-do-i-test-error-conditions-in-html5-pages-with-cucumber