I was wondering if it is possible to run a browser (specifically a browser engine) on the server side. I do not just mean to render a page but to keep a browser open for some time, run some JS, do some clicks or press some keys and meanwhile grab the graphical output.
Does anyone know how to accomplish this? So far my only idea was to run the browser in a VNC, RDP etc. session but this seems like an overkill to me.
PhantomJS does what you are describing. It is basically a headless browser - http://phantomjs.org/
you can run it server side via any server side language. See some integration modules below for NodeJS and PHP
NodeJS
https://npmjs.org/package/node-phantom
https://github.com/sgentle/phantomjs-node
PHP
Yes, it it very possible to run a web browser on a server. Ubuntu Server, for example can run firefox by simply installing firefox and xserver.
$ sudo apt-get install firefox
$ sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg
Then to get firefox running type:
$ X
This will leave you with a blank screen because there are no applications running on the display yet. You need to shift back to a new terminal with Ctrl-Alt-F2. Ctrl-Alt-F1 holds the X process now.
Login to the new terminal and set the environment’s display variable to :0 and launch firefox.
$ export DISPLAY=:0
$ firefox &
Firefox should now be running, but you'll notice it's got some quirks to it. If you decide that you want to go forward with this you should install a window manager. I'd go with a lightweight tiling window manager and run firefox and whatever other applications need graphical output within that window manager.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15692132/server-side-browser