operator-precedence

What should be the output of echo ++$a + $a++ [duplicate]

无人久伴 提交于 2019-11-29 14:45:05
问题 This question already has an answer here: Why is $a + ++$a == 2? 13 answers In the PHP manual, operator precedence section, there is this example: // mixing ++ and + produces undefined behavior $a = 1; echo ++$a + $a++; // may print 4 or 5 I understand the behavior is undefined because of the following reason: Since x + y = y + x the interpreter is free to evaluate x and y for addition in any order in order to optimize speed and/or memory. I concluded this after looking at the C code example

How to force matlab to call a regular function rather than class method when they are overloaded?

扶醉桌前 提交于 2019-11-29 14:07:10
Assume I have an object X of class MyClass . MyClass has a method compute , and when I call U = compute(X,...) , matlab automatically calls the class method. However, what I actually want is to call another function also called compute whose parameters start with a MyClass object though. How do I force matlab to call this regular function rather than go into the class method? Bee There is no way to do this without making some changes either to the function's name or location. If you check Matlab's function precedence order , methods always run before normal external functions. Your only

Difference between i = ++i and ++i [duplicate]

▼魔方 西西 提交于 2019-11-29 13:17:37
Possible Duplicate: Could anyone explain these undefined behaviors (i = i++ + ++i , i = i++, etc…) What is the difference between i = ++i; and ++i; where i is an integer with value 10 ? According to me both do the same job of incrementing i i.e after completion of both the expressions i =11 . i = ++i; invokes Undefined Behaviour whereas ++i; does not. C++03 [Section 5/4] says Between the previous and next sequence point a scalar object shall have its stored value modified at most once by the evaluation of an expression . In i = ++i i is being modified twice[pre-increment and assignment]

Post increment and Pre increment in C

♀尐吖头ヾ 提交于 2019-11-29 12:58:17
I have a question about these two C statements: x = y++; t = *ptr++; With statement 1, the initial value of y is copied into x then y is incremented. With statement 2, We look into the value pointed at by *ptr, putting that into variable t, then sometime later increment ptr. For statement 1, the suffix increment operator has higher precedence than the assignment operator. So shouldn't y be incremented first and then x is assigned to the incremented value of y? I'm not understanding operator precedence in these situations. You're mistaken about the meaning of your 2] . Post-increment always

How to prove that parameter evaluation is “left to right” in Python?

 ̄綄美尐妖づ 提交于 2019-11-29 10:18:03
For example, in JavaScript we could write a program like this: var a = 1; testFunction(++a, ++a, a); function testFunction(x, y, z){ document.writeln("<br />x = " + x); document.writeln("<br />y = " + y); document.writeln("<br />z = " + z); } and we would get an output: x = 2 y = 3 z = 3 This implies that parameters are truly evaluated from left to right in JavaScript. In C we would get output x = 3 y = 3 z = 3 I was wondering if we could do the same in Python or is it impossible since it's a pass by value reference language? I've made a simple program but I don't think that proves anything: x

Precedence of ++ and — operators in Java

笑着哭i 提交于 2019-11-29 10:01:28
I read from the official tutorial of Java that prefix and postfix ++ -- have different precedences: postfix: expr++ expr-- unary: ++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ ! Operators According to the tutorial, shouldn't this d = 1; System.out.println(d++ + ++d); print out 6 ( d++ makes d 2, ++d makes it 3) instead of 4? I know the explanation of ++d being evaluated beforehand, but if d++ has higher precedence then ++d , why isn't d++ being first evaluated? And what is more, in what case should d++ shows that it has higher precedence? EDIT: I tried the following: d = 1; System.out.println(++d * d++); It

C++ assert: the precedence of the expression in an assert macro

北城以北 提交于 2019-11-29 09:11:37
In C++: assert( std::is_same<int , int>::value ); // does not compile assert( (std::is_same<int , int>::value) ); // compiles Can anyone explain why? The comma is being treated as a argument separator for the macro, but parenthesis in your second case protect the arguments. We can see this by going to the draft C++ standard section 16.3 Macro replacement which says ( emphasis mine ): The sequence of preprocessing tokens bounded by the outside-most matching parentheses forms the list of arguments for the function-like macro. The individual arguments within the list are separated by comma

Precedence of dereference and postfix

蓝咒 提交于 2019-11-29 07:38:52
When I read the TCPL by K&R, I just couldn't understand two expressions: *p++ = val; /*push val onto stack */ Here is my idea: dereference and postfix has the same precedence, and associativity is right to left,so *p++ = val maybe the same with *(p++) = val , because the pointer usually is the next position to the top , so in this code, p increase 1 first because of the parenthesis, so the p is the two units above the current top ,but not the one unit above the current top ,where the val should be!!! Thx The prefix increment/decrement and dereference operators are equal precedence, but the

“x = ++x” is it really undefined?

妖精的绣舞 提交于 2019-11-29 06:10:57
I am using Coverity Prevent on a project to find errors. It reports an error for this expression (The variable names are of course changed): x= (a>= b) ? ++x: 0; The message is: EVALUATION_ORDER defect: In " x=(a>= b) ? ++x: 0; ", " x " is written in " x " (the assignment LHS) and written in " (a>= b) ? ++x: 0; " but the order in which the side effects take place is undefined because there is no intervening sequence point. END OF MESSAGE While I can understand that " x = x++ " is undefined, this one is a bit harder for me. Is this one a false positive or not? AnT Conditional operator ?: has a

How do you do many to many table outer joins?

China☆狼群 提交于 2019-11-29 02:32:44
问题 I have 3 tables, foo, foo2bar, and bar. foo2bar is a many to many map between foo and bar. Here are the contents. select * from foo +------+ | fid | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | +------+ select * from foo2bar +------+------+ | fid | bid | +------+------+ | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 1 | | 2 | 3 | | 4 | 4 | +------+------+ select * from bar +------+-------+------+ | bid | value | zid | +------+-------+------+ | 1 | 2 | 10 | | 2 | 4 | 20 | | 3 | 8 | 30 | | 4 | 42 | 30 | +------+-------+------+