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Python 模块化

末鹿安然 提交于 2019-12-09 12:05:19
一般来说,编程语言中, 库、包、模块是同一种概念,是代码的组织方式。 Python中只有一种模块对象,但是为了模块化组织模块的便利,提供了一个概念——包! 模块(module):指的是Python的源代码文件。 包(package):是的是 模块组织在一起的包名同名的目录及其相关文件。 导入语句 import 模块1,模块2:这是完全导入(导入不建议用逗号分隔写成一行,可以多个导入) import……as……:模块别名 import语句 知道指定的模块,加载和初始化它,生成模块对象,找不到,抛出ImportError异常。 在import所在的作用域的局部命名空间中(比如在py文件和函数内导入的作用域就不同),增加名称和上一步创建的对象关联。 单独运行下面的例子,体会其区别 import functools print(dir()) print(functools) print(functools.wraps)#import的本质是找到它,单独加载它,初始化它,生成一个模块对象,在当前模块中增加名称。映射到模块对象中。 结果为: ['In', 'Out', '_', '__', '___', '__builtin__', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '

鳄鱼法则

。_饼干妹妹 提交于 2019-12-09 09:21:44
import numpy as np def initialize(context): g.up_price = {} #向上碎形最高价 g.low_price = {} #向下碎形最低价 g.up_fractal_exists = {} #判断有效向上碎形 g.down_fractal_exists = {} #判断有效向下碎形 g.AO_index = {} #存放连续的AO指标数据 g.cal_AC_index = {} #计算AC指标中转存储 g.AC_index = {} #存放连续的AC指标数据 g.amount = {} #满仓仓位 g.stock = get_index_stocks('000300.XSHG') g.buy_stock = [] set_benchmark('000300.XSHG') g.month = context.current_dt.month run_monthly(select_universe,1,'open') #重置全局变量 def reset_global(): g.up_price = {} #向上碎形最高价 g.low_price = {} #向下碎形最低价 g.up_fractal_exists = {} #判断有效向上碎形 g.down_fractal_exists = {} #判断有效向下碎形 g.AO_index

C++ - Determining if directory (not a file) exists in Linux [duplicate]

流过昼夜 提交于 2019-12-09 04:33:02
问题 This question already has answers here : Checking if a directory exists in Unix (system call) (4 answers) Closed last year . How would I determine if a directory (not a file) existed using C++ in Linux? I tried using the stat() function but it returned positive when a file was found. I only want to find if the inputted string is a directory, not something else. 回答1: According to man(2) stat you can use the S_ISDIR macro on the st_mode field: bool isdir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); Side note, I

ALTER TABLE Sqlite: how to check if a column exists before alter the table?

那年仲夏 提交于 2019-12-08 23:58:40
问题 I need to execute in python a SQL query that adds a new column, in sqlite3. The problem is that sometimes it already exists. So previous to executing the query I need to check if the column already exists. If it does, then I won't execute the query. Is there a way in sqlite to do that? Or do I have to make it through a try-catch block in python code? Thanks a lot in advance! 回答1: You can get a list of columns for a table via the following statement: PRAGMA table_info('table_name'); More

jQuery element exists event

早过忘川 提交于 2019-12-08 20:31:38
问题 Is there an event or simple function for a calling a callback once a specific element exists on the page. I am not asking how to check if an element exists. as an example $("#item").exists(function(){ }); I ended up using the ready event $("#item").ready(function(){ }); 回答1: The LiveQuery jQuery plugin seems to be what most people are using to solve this problem. Live Query utilizes the power of jQuery selectors by binding events or firing callbacks for matched elements auto-magically, even

实战hadoop海量数据处理系列03 :数据仓库的设计

眉间皱痕 提交于 2019-12-08 18:59:26
实战hadoop海量数据处理系列03 :数据仓库的设计 鉴于我们之前两章提前预热的开发环境,我们现在来讨论数据仓库的设计,其实本章应该放到一个正式的项目的前端,不过好事总会要来的,准备好数据仓库,我们就可以实地验证sqoop等程序的逻辑。Let’s go! 本文假设读者已经按照范老师的书搭建好了eclipse环境,并且已经导入myBi文件夹下面的子工程。 在阅读本文前,强烈建议阅读原书“系统结构设计”章节。 本文的代码同步于 https://github.com/titer1/Play_HadoopFelix ps:由于图床网络问题,有时候本文的图显示不正常,所以请看不到图的小伙伴稍安勿躁,我会后续跟进处理,想了解原图的,可以在本文下面留言。 overview 原书ER图思考 本人对ER图细节的还原 数据库建立脚本的细节 利用存储过程快速填充数据库 小节 1 原书的ER图 这是一张典型的订单系统ER图,作者很耐心的给出数据表 不过,仅仅从这个版本的书,初学者往往不能得到 - ER图细节信息,两个实体之间是1:1或者1:N的关系 - 数据库建立的详细过程 - 订单系统运作的过程 关于订单系统,有兴趣的朋友可以详细参考这里 ( 点我 ),我将在下个小节讲述我对ER图的还原(仅从书上细节) 2 基于Mysql WorkBench的ER图 由于工作中对于数据库建模软件Mysql

Get date even if it doesn't exist in table from SQL SELECT statement

无人久伴 提交于 2019-12-08 06:31:49
问题 I have a table that stores the amount of errors according to what alarm-id it is. The table looks something like this: |----DATE----|---ALARM_ID---|---COUNTER---| | 2012-01-01 | 1 | 32 | | 2012-01-01 | 2 | 28 | | 2012-01-02 | 1 | 12 | | 2012-01-02 | 2 | 23 | | 2012-01-03 | 1 | 3 | | 2012-01-03 | 2 | 9 | | 2012-01-05 | 1 | 8 | | 2012-01-05 | 2 | 1 | | 2012-01-07 | 1 | 102 | | 2012-01-07 | 2 | 78 | Notice the gap between date (2012-01-03 - 2012-01-05) and (2012-01-05 - 2012-01-07). On these

Explanation of using the operator EXISTS on a correlated subqueries

我怕爱的太早我们不能终老 提交于 2019-12-08 03:43:49
问题 What is an explanation of the mechanics behind the following Query? It looks like a powerful method of doing dynamic filtering on a table. CREATE TABLE tbl (ID INT, amt INT) INSERT tbl VALUES (1,1), (1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (2,3), (2,400), (3,400), (3,400) SELECT * FROM tbl T1 WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tbl T2 WHERE T1.ID = T2.ID AND T1.amt < T2.amt ) Live test of it here on SQL Fiddle 回答1: You can usually convert correlated subqueries into an equivalent expression using explicit joins. Here is

ColdFusion: do i need to use structKeyExists for every element of a deep struct?

好久不见. 提交于 2019-12-08 03:18:45
问题 Let's say i've just parsed someone else's XML document which is a response to an API request. I want to know if a value nested deep inside exists. If my API request worked, it will be in the same place every time. If my API request fails, the root of the XML is very different. If I try <cfif structKeyExists(myStruct.level1.level2.level3, 'myTarget')> on a failed api request, I get the fatal error: Element LEVEL1.LEVEL2 is undefined in MYSTRUCT . Of course, I could try to depend on the root

Elasticsearch 6.2 / Kibana query: One field must exists and one field must not exists

主宰稳场 提交于 2019-12-08 03:04:17
问题 My wish is to search docs where field_a exists, and fields_b doesn't exist. Is there a way to do this using the Lucene query syntax in Kibana (Search field in the Discover section of Kibana). I've tried using _missing_:field_b without success ( _exists_ works). I've found this but it doesn't help much: GET /_search { "query": { "bool": { "must_not": { "exists": { "field": "user" } } } } } 回答1: For lucene search syntax: _exists_:field_a AND !_exists_:field_b For elasticsearch search syntax: {