att

I am trying to understand how the assembly language works for a micro-computer architecture class, and I keep facing different syntaxes in examples: sub $48, %esp mov %eax, 32(%esp) What do these codes mean? What is the 32 operand an addition to the esp register? Necrolis Thats not Intel syntax, its AT&T syntax , also called GAS syntax . the $ prefix is for immediates (constants), and the % prefix is for registers (they are required 1 ). For more about AT&T syntax, see also the [att] tag wiki . 1 Unless the noprefix option is specified, see here & here . But usually noprefix is only used with

lets say i have the following assembly lines movl $-1, %edi movl $1, %edx What exactly am I storing into %edi/%edx registers. Basically if I were to convert this code into a C program, would I be initalizing some variables to -1 and 1 because that's how I see it and that's where I think I'm getting confused. I understand that immediate = "some constant" but what does that mean? There are four ways to load something into a register: Immediate value - in AT&T assembler, that's using a $number , and it loads that particular value (number) into the register. Note that number doesn't have to be a

I'm currently trying to learn assembly language (and the effects of different compiler options) by analyzing simple C code snippets. Now I stumpled across the following instruction: mov %edx,-0x80(%rbp,%rax,4) What I do not understand is the expression for the target address -0x80(%rbp,%rax,4) . The instruction assigns a value to a local array in a loop. The machine command will copy the content of %edx to the address given by %rbp + 4 * %rax - 0x80 . It seems %rax is holding the index to that array and %rbp - 0x80 is the base address. Take a look here to get a better understanding for the AT

C++ ATT Assembly I'm trying to understand the behavior of the following two instructions: pushl %esp And: popl %esp Note that they store the computed value back into %esp . I'm considering these instructions independently, not in sequence. I know that the value stored in %esp is always the value before the increment/decrement, but how could I represent the behavior in assembly language? This is what I've come up with so far: For push: movl %esp, %edx 1. save value of %esp subl $4, %esp 2. decrement stack pointer movl %edx, (%esp) 3. store old value of %esp on top of stack For pop: movl (%esp),

C#操作xml完整类文件 xml_oper.cs using ...System; using System.Data; using System.Web; using System.Xml; /**//// <summary> /// 类名:xml操作类 /// 作者:虫 /// 时间:2008.8.31 /// </summary> public class xml_oper ...{ private XmlDocument xmlDoc; public xml_oper() ...{ } /**//// <summary> /// 加载xml文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="path">xml文件的物理路径</param> private void LoadXml(string path, string node_root) ...{ xmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); //判断xml文件是否存在 if (!System.IO.File.Exists(path)) ...{ //创建xml 声明节点 XmlNode xmlnode = xmlDoc.CreateNode(System.Xml.XmlNodeType.XmlDeclaration, "", ""); //添加上述创建和 xml声明节点 xmlDoc

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RNN进阶以及Attention模型 1 摘要 不管是CNN和RNN，模型都可以看作是Decode和Encode两个过程，这是一个统一的角度。其次，介绍了RNN中的搜索算法Beam Search方法，以及它的优化和分析。关于如何评定翻译好坏，怎么给翻译的好坏设计监督方式，介绍了Bleu Score的方法。最后，介绍了Attention模型。 Decode-Encode Beam Search Bleu Score Attention Model 2 从Decode-Encode角度审视模型 2.1 sequence-to-sequence和image capture 上图是典型的RNN模型，红框中的Cell，可以视为对序列进行解码，cell中保存了序列的所有信息。其实在CNN中，最后的卷积层中，同样包含了图片的所有信息。 这里有一个非常重要的idea。 不管是什么模型，做的事只有一件，对目标进行解码，抽取出所有特征。 我们再来看Image Capture模型。 最终的卷积层包含了所有特征，而输出，取决于我们如何设计监督函数，或者说，如何对特征进行编码。 3 Beam Search 这是一个在机器翻译背景下提出的概念。在机器翻译过程中，每个time step选择概率最大的词并不一定是最好的翻译。这很好理解。每次选择最大的，其实是贪婪算法，贪婪的结果不一定是最优，尤其是在长句翻译的时候

So, I have an assembly function, which is called in C. It compiles and gives me no warnings, but when I try to run it, it gives me a segmentation fault. I think it's because I can't move a constant into a register, but to use the mul/div command it requires a value to be in EAX register. How can I multiply or divide two constants in Assembly? Here's the code so far... .section .data .global n .equ A, 50 .equ B, 5 .section .text .global loop_function loop_function: # prologue pushl %ebp # save previous stack frame pointer movl %esp, %ebp # the stack frame pointer for sum function # beginning