I got this error for caffe build. How can I fix it? I'm using Mac OSX Yosemite 10.10.1.
CONSOLE LOG
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ /usr/bin/clang++ -shared -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe_pretty_print.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/blob.o .build_release/src/caffe/common.o .build_release/src/caffe/data_transformer.o .build_release/src/caffe/dataset_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/internal_thread.o .build_release/src/caffe/layer_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/absval_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/accuracy_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/argmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/base_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/concat_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/contrastive_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dropout_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dummy_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/eltwise_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/euclidean_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/exp_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/flatten_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_output_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hinge_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/im2col_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/image_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/infogain_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/inner_product_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/lrn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/memory_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/multinomial_logistic_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/mvn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/neuron_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/power_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_cross_entropy_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/silence_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/slice_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/split_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/threshold_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/window_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/leveldb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/lmdb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/net.o .build_release/src/caffe/solver.o .build_release/src/caffe/syncedmem.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/benchmark.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/im2col.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/insert_splits.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/io.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/math_functions.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/upgrade_proto.o -stdlib=libstdc++ -pthread -fPIC -DNDEBUG -O2 -DCPU_ONLY -I/usr/include/python2.7 -I/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/local/include -I.build_release/src -I./src -I./include -I/usr/local/atlas/include -Wall -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-unneeded-internal-declaration --verbose -framework Accelerate -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/atlas/lib -L.build_release/lib -lglog -lgflags -lprotobuf -lleveldb -lsnappy -llmdb -lboost_system -lhdf5_hl -lhdf5 -lm -lopencv_core -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgproc -lboost_thread-mt -lcblas Apple LLVM version 6.0 (clang-600.0.56) (based on LLVM 3.5svn) Target: x86_64-apple-darwin14.0.0 Thread model: posix clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-pthread' "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/ld" -demangle -dynamic -dylib -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.10.0 -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/atlas/lib -L.build_release/lib .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe_pretty_print.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/blob.o .build_release/src/caffe/common.o .build_release/src/caffe/data_transformer.o .build_release/src/caffe/dataset_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/internal_thread.o .build_release/src/caffe/layer_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/absval_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/accuracy_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/argmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/base_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/concat_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/contrastive_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dropout_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dummy_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/eltwise_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/euclidean_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/exp_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/flatten_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_output_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hinge_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/im2col_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/image_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/infogain_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/inner_product_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/lrn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/memory_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/multinomial_logistic_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/mvn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/neuron_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/power_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_cross_entropy_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/silence_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/slice_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/split_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/threshold_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/window_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/leveldb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/lmdb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/net.o .build_release/src/caffe/solver.o .build_release/src/caffe/syncedmem.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/benchmark.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/im2col.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/insert_splits.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/io.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/math_functions.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/upgrade_proto.o -framework Accelerate -lglog -lgflags -lprotobuf -lleveldb -lsnappy -llmdb -lboost_system -lhdf5_hl -lhdf5 -lm -lopencv_core -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgproc -lboost_thread-mt -lcblas -L. -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lstdc++ -lSystem /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/clang/6.0/lib/darwin/libclang_rt.osx.a Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: "cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)", referenced from: caffe::WindowDataLayer<float>::InternalThreadEntry() in window_data_layer.o caffe::WindowDataLayer<double>::InternalThreadEntry() in window_data_layer.o caffe::ReadImageToCVMat(std::string const&, int, int, bool) in io.o "cv::imdecode(cv::_InputArray const&, int)", referenced from: caffe::DecodeDatumToCVMat(caffe::Datum const&, int, int, bool) in io.o ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation) src/caffe/layers/window_data_layer.cpp includes
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp" #include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp" #include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp" It seems I have correct libraries. (Is this right thing to check??)
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ find /usr/local/lib -name libopencv_*.dylib | grep 'core\|highgui\|imgproc' | xargs ls -ltr lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 49 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 53 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 55 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.0.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 49 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_highgui.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 53 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 55 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.0.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 46 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 50 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 52 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.0.dylib -> ../Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.0.dylib Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ ls -ltr /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_*.dylib | grep 'core\|highgui\|imgproc' lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 24 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.dylib -> libopencv_core.3.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 26 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.dylib -> libopencv_core.3.0.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 27 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.dylib -> libopencv_imgproc.3.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 29 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.dylib -> libopencv_imgproc.3.0.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 27 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_highgui.dylib -> libopencv_highgui.3.0.dylib lrwxr-xr-x 1 machidahiroaki admin 29 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.dylib -> libopencv_highgui.3.0.0.dylib -r--r--r-- 1 machidahiroaki admin 4305392 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.0.dylib -r--r--r-- 1 machidahiroaki admin 75352 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.0.dylib -r--r--r-- 1 machidahiroaki admin 3437740 1 10 10:23 /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.0.dylib OpenCV libraries seem to be built with libstdc++, because the official install guide suggests so.
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ find /usr/local/lib -name libopencv_*.dylib | grep 'core\|highgui\|imgproc' | grep -v '3.0' | xargs otool -L /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.dylib: /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 104.1.0) /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenCL.framework/Versions/A/OpenCL (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0) /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5) /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1213.0.0) /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.dylib: /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 104.1.0) /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_videoio.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5) /System/Library/Frameworks/Cocoa.framework/Versions/A/Cocoa (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 21.0.0) /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1213.0.0) /System/Library/Frameworks/AppKit.framework/Versions/C/AppKit (compatibility version 45.0.0, current version 1343.16.0) /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation (compatibility version 150.0.0, current version 1151.16.0) /System/Library/Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Versions/C/Foundation (compatibility version 300.0.0, current version 1151.16.0) /usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 228.0.0) /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.dylib: /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 104.1.0) /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_core.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1213.0.0) All the build commands are correctly with -stdlib=libstdc++ option.
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ make -n | grep clang | grep -v stdlib=libstdc++ Thank for your help in advance!
Now I find I can use ld with -v option. I keep investigating.
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/ld" -demangle -dynamic -dylib -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.10.0 -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/atlas/lib -L.build_release/lib .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe_pretty_print.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/blob.o .build_release/src/caffe/common.o .build_release/src/caffe/data_transformer.o .build_release/src/caffe/dataset_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/internal_thread.o .build_release/src/caffe/layer_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/absval_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/accuracy_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/argmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/base_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/concat_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/contrastive_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dropout_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dummy_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/eltwise_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/euclidean_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/exp_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/flatten_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_output_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hinge_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/im2col_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/image_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/infogain_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/inner_product_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/lrn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/memory_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/multinomial_logistic_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/mvn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/neuron_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/power_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_cross_entropy_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/silence_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/slice_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/split_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/threshold_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/window_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/leveldb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/lmdb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/net.o .build_release/src/caffe/solver.o .build_release/src/caffe/syncedmem.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/benchmark.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/im2col.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/insert_splits.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/io.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/math_functions.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/upgrade_proto.o -framework Accelerate -lglog -lgflags -lprotobuf -lleveldb -lsnappy -llmdb -lboost_system -lhdf5_hl -lhdf5 -lm -lopencv_core -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgproc -lboost_thread-mt -lcblas -L. -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lstdc++ -lSystem /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/clang/6.0/lib/darwin/libclang_rt.osx.a -v @(#)PROGRAM:ld PROJECT:ld64-241.9 configured to support archs: armv6 armv7 armv7s arm64 i386 x86_64 x86_64h armv6m armv7m armv7em Library search paths: /usr/lib /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/atlas/lib .build_release/lib . /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib Framework search paths: /Library/Frameworks/ /System/Library/Frameworks/ Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: "cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)", referenced from: caffe::WindowDataLayer<float>::InternalThreadEntry() in window_data_layer.o caffe::WindowDataLayer<double>::InternalThreadEntry() in window_data_layer.o caffe::ReadImageToCVMat(std::string const&, int, int, bool) in io.o "cv::imdecode(cv::_InputArray const&, int)", referenced from: caffe::DecodeDatumToCVMat(caffe::Datum const&, int, int, bool) in io.o ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 Dylibs seems to contain appropriate symbols.
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:opencv2 machidahiroaki$ nm -g /usr/local/lib/libopencv_* | grep 'imread\|dylib' | grep -B 1 imread /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.3.0.0.dylib: 0000000000004eb0 T __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi -- /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.3.0.dylib: 0000000000004eb0 T __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi -- /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.dylib: 0000000000004eb0 T __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi -- /usr/local/lib/libopencv_superres.dylib: U __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi U __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi U __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi Machida-no-MacBook-Air:opencv2 machidahiroaki$ otool -L /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.dylib | grep imgcodec /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/HEAD/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.3.0.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0) Dylibs seems to have the appropriate architecture. mmm...
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:opencv2 machidahiroaki$ nm -arch x86_64 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.dylib | grep imread 0000000000004eb0 T __ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi 0000000000004f50 t __ZN2cvL7imread_ERKNS_6StringEiiPNS_3MatE Found a nice option for ld, which logs each file the ld loads.
Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$ "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/ld" -t -demangle -dynamic -dylib -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.10.0 ~ @(#)PROGRAM:ld PROJECT:ld64-241.9 configured to support archs: armv6 armv7 armv7s arm64 i386 x86_64 x86_64h armv6m armv7m armv7em Library search paths: /usr/lib /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/atlas/lib .build_release/lib . /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib Framework search paths: /Library/Frameworks/ /System/Library/Frameworks/ .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe_pretty_print.pb.o .build_release/src/caffe/blob.o .build_release/src/caffe/common.o .build_release/src/caffe/data_transformer.o .build_release/src/caffe/dataset_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/internal_thread.o .build_release/src/caffe/layer_factory.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/absval_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/accuracy_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/argmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/base_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/concat_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/contrastive_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_conv_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/cudnn_tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dropout_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/dummy_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/eltwise_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/euclidean_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/exp_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/flatten_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hdf5_output_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/hinge_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/im2col_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/image_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/infogain_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/inner_product_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/lrn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/memory_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/multinomial_logistic_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/neuron_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/pooling_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/power_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/relu_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_cross_entropy_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/silence_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/slice_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/softmax_loss_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/split_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/tanh_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/threshold_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/window_data_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/leveldb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/lmdb_dataset.o .build_release/src/caffe/layers/mvn_layer.o .build_release/src/caffe/net.o .build_release/src/caffe/solver.o .build_release/src/caffe/syncedmem.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/benchmark.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/im2col.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/insert_splits.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/io.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/math_functions.o .build_release/src/caffe/util/upgrade_proto.o /usr/local/lib/libglog.dylib /usr/local/lib/libgflags.dylib /usr/local/lib/libprotobuf.dylib /usr/local/lib/libleveldb.dylib /usr/local/lib/libsnappy.dylib /usr/local/lib/liblmdb.dylib /usr/local/lib/libboost_system.dylib /usr/local/lib/libhdf5_hl.dylib /usr/local/lib/libhdf5.dylib /System/Library/Frameworks//Accelerate.framework/Accelerate /usr/lib/libm.dylib /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.dylib /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.dylib /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.dylib /usr/local/lib/libboost_thread-mt.dylib /usr/lib/libcblas.dylib /usr/lib/libstdc++.dylib /usr/lib/libSystem.dylib /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vImage.framework/Versions/A/vImage /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/vecLib /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libvDSP.dylib /usr/lib/system/libcache.dylib /usr/lib/system/libcommonCrypto.dylib /usr/lib/system/libcompiler_rt.dylib /usr/lib/system/libcopyfile.dylib /usr/lib/system/libcorecrypto.dylib /usr/lib/system/libdispatch.dylib /usr/lib/system/libdyld.dylib /usr/lib/system/libkeymgr.dylib /usr/lib/system/liblaunch.dylib /usr/lib/system/libmacho.dylib /usr/lib/system/libquarantine.dylib /usr/lib/system/libremovefile.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_asl.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_blocks.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_c.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_configuration.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_coreservices.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_coretls.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_dnssd.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_info.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_kernel.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_m.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_malloc.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_network.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_networkextension.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_notify.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_platform.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_pthread.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_sandbox.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_secinit.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_stats.dylib /usr/lib/system/libsystem_trace.dylib /usr/lib/system/libunc.dylib /usr/lib/system/libunwind.dylib /usr/lib/system/libxpc.dylib /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libvMisc.dylib /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libLAPACK.dylib /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libLinearAlgebra.dylib Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: "cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)", referenced from: caffe::WindowDataLayer<float>::InternalThreadEntry() in window_data_layer.o caffe::WindowDataLayer<double>::InternalThreadEntry() in window_data_layer.o caffe::ReadImageToCVMat(std::string const&, int, int, bool) in io.o "cv::imdecode(cv::_InputArray const&, int)", referenced from: caffe::DecodeDatumToCVMat(caffe::Datum const&, int, int, bool) in io.o ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 Machida-no-MacBook-Air:caffe machidahiroaki$