find out when a git branch was created (not the first commit to that branch)

问题:

how can I know when a git branch was created?

i don't want to know when was the first commit to that branch. I want to find out when that branch was created.

This is a script to reproduce a working example:

#! /bin/bash set -x set -e  mkdir test cd test git init echo "hello" >readme git add readme git commit -m "initial import" date  sleep 5 git checkout -b br1 date                   # this is the date that I want to find out.  sleep 5 echo "hello_br1" >readme git commit -a -m "hello_br1" date  echo "hello_br1_b" >readme git commit -a -m "hello_br1_b"  git checkout master echo "hello_master" >readme git commit -a -m "hello_master"  git branch -a;  git log --all --graph --abbrev-commit --decorate --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ad : %s" --date=iso 

Executing this:

./test.sh  ++ set -e ++ mkdir test ++ cd test ++ git init Initialized empty Git repository in /test_git/test2/.git/ ++ echo hello ++ git add readme ++ git commit -m 'initial import' [master (root-commit) 9b95944] initial import  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)  create mode 100644 readme ++ date Fri Aug 16 17:51:24 CEST 2013 ++ sleep 5 ++ git checkout -b br1 Switched to a new branch 'br1' ++ date Fri Aug 16 17:51:29 CEST 2013 ++ sleep 5 ++ echo hello_br1 ++ git commit -a -m hello_br1 [br1 6c559cd] hello_br1  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) ++ date Fri Aug 16 17:51:34 CEST 2013 ++ echo hello_br1_b ++ git commit -a -m hello_br1_b [br1 5f0d8ab] hello_br1_b  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) ++ git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' ++ echo hello_master ++ git commit -a -m hello_master [master 2ed092d] hello_master  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) ++ git branch -a   br1 * master ++ git log --all --graph --abbrev-commit --decorate '--pretty=format:%h - %an, %ad : %s' --date=iso * 5f0d8ab - David Portabella, 2013-08-16 17:51:34 +0200 : hello_br1_b * 6c559cd - David Portabella, 2013-08-16 17:51:34 +0200 : hello_br1 | * 2ed092d - David Portabella, 2013-08-16 17:51:34 +0200 : hello_master |/   * 9b95944 - David Portabella, 2013-08-16 17:51:24 +0200 : initial import 

so, with git log, or git reflog, I can find out the date of the initial import (17:51:24) and the date of the first commit to the branch br1 (17:51:34).

but I need to find out when the branch br1 was created (17:51:29).

how to do that?

(bonus question: and, does it have a hash? how to know who created that branch)

回答1:

Sorry, but Git doesn't keep officially tracked information of when branches are created (it's not data that stored and shared among repositories). Branches are simply references to commits and nothing more. This also means that there is no id or object that will point you at this data.

The reflog does keep track of when changes are made to a branch, but it's only a limited history that expires over time. It does record some information though. For instance, git branch bar resulted in this entry in the reflog:

:: git reflog show --date=iso bar 7d9b83d bar@{2013-08-16 12:23:28 -0400}: branch: Created from master 

I also see a similar entry when using git checkout -b bar:

:: git co -b bar Switched to a new branch 'bar' :: git reflog show --date=iso bar d6970ef bar@{2013-08-16 12:30:50 -0400}: branch: Created from HEAD 

So, depending on your use-case, and how far back you need to dig, git reflog may actually be useful for you.

回答2:

You can neither find out who created a branch, nor when it was created -- at least not with Git itself.

Because Git does not track branch metadata. It simply does not care about who made a branch (you usually get lots of branches from remotes), since branches are just pointers (refs) to commits.

Thus a branch also does not have a branch -- a Git ref is, in fact, simply a plain text file in your .git folder containing the hash of the object it references (or, in case of a symbolic ref, the name of the other ref it references).

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